该文从“调任通督”理论视角，系统梳理针刺治疗脑小血管病性认知障碍的学术源流，阐释其理论内涵，并探讨调 任通督针刺法治疗脑小血管病认知障碍的治疗思路。调任通督针刺法可改善认知障碍，其现代机制涉及神经可塑性调节、 改善脑血流与代谢、神经炎症抑制、神经递质平衡调节等多个层面。调任通督针刺法可为临床辨证治疗脑小血管病性认知 障碍提供新思路。

From the theoretical perspective of “Tiaoren Tongdu”（regulating the conception vessel and unblocking the governor vessel）， this article aims to systematically review the academic origin of acupuncture in treating cerebral small vessel disease-related cognitive impairment（CSVD-CI）， elucidates its theoretical connotation， and explores the therapeutic rationale of the Tiaoren Tongdu Acupuncture for CSVD-CI. The Tiaoren Tongdu Acupuncture technique can ameliorate cognitive impairment. Its modern mechanisms involve multiple levels， including the regulation of neural plasticity，improvement of cerebral blood flow and metabolism，inhibition of neuroinflammation，and modulation of neurotransmitter balance. The Tiaoren Tongdu Acupuncture provides a new approach for the clinical syndrome differentiation-based treatment of CSVD-CI.

R246.9

广东省中医药局中医药科研资助项目（编号：20261329）；深圳市科技计划资助项目（编号：KCXFZ20201221173208024）；深圳市 科技计划项目基础研究面上项目（编号：JCYJ20220531092205012）；深圳市医疗卫生三名工程资助项目（编号：SZZYSM202311002）