【目的】 采用数据挖掘技术，挖掘现代名医名家治疗小儿变应性鼻炎（PAR）的用药规律及配伍特点。【方法】 将国家中 医药管理局公示的国医大师、全国名中医以及全国名老中医药专家纳入为“现代名医名家”，形成名录。参照“现代名医名 家”名录，以“变应性鼻炎”“过敏性鼻炎”为主题词，在中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普中文科技期刊数据库 中，检索各库建库至2025 年 5月期间收录的现代名医名家的相关文献，筛选其验方。对处方药物的频数、四气五味及归经 进行统计，并对处方药物进行关联规则分析和聚类分析。【结果】 共纳入 82名现代名医名家治疗小儿变应性鼻炎的 156首处 方，涉及 212味中药。出现频次≥20次的高频中药有 27味。药物的四性以寒性为主，其次是温性、平性；药物的五味以甘 味、苦味、辛味居多；药物归经主要归肺经、肝经、脾经；药物功效以清热药和补虚药为主。高频药物以祛风通窍药（辛 夷、白芷、防风等）和补益药（甘草、白术、黄芪）为主。关键配伍有苍耳子-辛夷、黄芪-白术-防风、桂枝-白芍；聚类提炼 得到针对以下3类证型的方剂：肺脾气虚型，药物组成主要为玉屏风散+通窍药；营卫不和型，药物组成主要为桂枝汤+敛肺 药；风寒化热型，药物组成主要为通窍药+清热活血药。【结论】 现代名医名家治疗小儿变应性鼻炎以 “祛风通窍治标，健脾 益肺固本” 为纲，注重寒温并用，善用经方玉屏风散、桂枝汤等化裁。挖掘得到的核心药组与配伍规律可为临床精准选方 及新药研发提供参考。

Objective To explore the medication rules and compatibility characteristics of modern renowned physicians’prescription for treating pediatric allergic rhinitis （PAR） using data mining technology. Methods Masters of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM），national renowned TCM physicians，and national veteran TCM experts announced by the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine were included as the modern renowned physicians， and then a directory of modern renowned physicians was formed. With reference to the directory， literature related to thee physicians was retrieved from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI），Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform，and VIP Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database from their inception to May 2025，using allergic rhinitis as the keyword. And then the empirical prescriptions were screened. The frequency， four natures， five flavors， and meridian tropism of the prescribed medicinals were statistically analyzed. Moreover，association rule analysis and cluster analysis were performed on the prescription medicinals. Results A total of 156 prescriptions for PAR treated by 82 modern renowned physicians were included， involving 212 distinct Chinese medicinals. Twenty-seven high-frequency medicinals appeared ≥20 times.Regarding the four natures of the herbs，cold-natured medicinals were predominant，followed by warm and mildnatured ones. The five flavors were mainly manifested as sweet，bitter，and pungent. Most of the medicinals have the meridian tropism of the lung，liver，and spleen meridians. Medicinals usually have the actions of clearing heat and supplementing deficiency. High-frequency medicinals mainly consisted of wind-dispelling and orifice-opening agents such as Magnoliae Flos， Angelicae Dahuricae Radix， and Saposhnikoviae Radix， and tonifying agents such as Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma，Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma，and Astragali Radix. Key herbal pairs/groups were Xanthii Fructus-Magnoliae Flos， Astragali Radix-Atractylodis Macrocephalae RhizomaSaposhnikoviae Radix，and Cinnamomi Ramulus-Paeoniae Radix Alba. Cluster analysis yielded the formulas and medicinals targeting the following three syndrome types： Yupingfeng San combined with orifice-opening medicinals for lung-spleen qi deficiency type， Guizhi Decoction combined with lung-astringing medicinals for disharmony between nutritive and defensive qi type，and orifice-opening medicinals combined with heat-clearing and blood-activating medicinals for wind-cold transforming into heat type. Conclusion For the treatment of pediatric allergic rhinitis， modern renowned physicians follow the principle of “dispelling wind and opening orifices to address the branch （symptoms）， while strengthening spleen and boosting lung to secure the root （constitution）”. During the treatment，they emphasize the combined use of cold- and warm-natured medicinals and are skilled in modifying classical formulas such as Yupingfeng San and Guizhi Decoction. The core medicinal groups and compatibility rules uncovered through data mining can provide references for precise selection of clinical formulas and the development of new drugs.

R276.1

国家重点研发计划资助项目（编号：2022YFC3500403）；中华国际医学交流基金会中国儿童生长发育学术交流专项基金中西医结合 儿科中青年医师成长科研基金项目（编号：Z-2019-41-2101-02）；第五批全国中医临床优秀人才研修项目（国中医药人教函 〔2022〕1号）