[关键词]
[摘要]
【目的】 从自噬角度,探讨电针“关元”“子宫”“三阴交”治疗早发性卵巢功能不全(POI)的可能作用机制。【方法】 选 取动情周期规则的48只雌性SD大鼠,随机分为正常组、模型组、电针组、药物组,每组各12只。模型组、电针组、药物组 大鼠均采用腹腔注射环磷酰胺(CTX)的方法制备POI模型,正常组腹腔注射等体积生理盐水。电针组大鼠采用电针“关元” “子宫”“三阴交”进行干预,每次20 min,每日1次,连续4周;药物组给予4 d的戊酸雌二醇(0.14 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 )和1 d的醋酸甲羟 孕酮(0.86 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 )行序贯治疗,以5 d为1个周期,共给药4周。干预结束后,采用酶联免疫吸附分析(ELISA)检测大鼠血 清卵泡刺激素(FSH)、促黄体生成素(LH)、雌二醇(E2 )、抗苗勒管激素(AMH)含量,计算并比较各组大鼠卵巢脏器指数, 苏木精-伊红(HE)染色法观察大鼠卵巢组织形态,电镜下观察自噬小体数量,Western Blot法检测大鼠卵巢组织哺乳动物雷 帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)、Beclin1、微管相关蛋白 1轻链 3Ⅱ/Ⅰ(LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ)蛋白表达,实时定量聚合酶链反应(PCR)法检测大 鼠卵巢组织mTOR、Beclin1、LC3B mRNA表达。【结果】 与正常组比较,模型组大鼠血清FSH、LH含量升高(P<0.01),E2、 AMH含量降低(P<0.01),卵巢组织mTOR蛋白及mRNA表达水平升高(P<0.01),Beclin1、LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ蛋白及mRNA表达水平 降低(P<0.01),卵巢脏器指数降低(P>0.05),各级发育卵泡显著减少,闭锁卵泡增多,自噬小体数量减少;与模型组比 较,电针组、药物组大鼠血清 FSH、LH 含量降低(P<0.01),E2、AMH 含量升高(P<0.01),卵巢组织 mTOR 蛋白及 mRNA 表达水平降低(P<0.01),Beclin1、LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ蛋白及mRNA表达水平升高(P<0.01),电针组、药物组大鼠卵巢脏器指数升高 (P>0.05),生长卵泡增多,闭锁卵泡减少,自噬小体增多。【结论】 电针“关元”“子宫”“三阴交”可提高POI大鼠卵巢储 备功能,其机制可能为调控mTOR通路,促进卵巢自噬,减少原始卵泡闭锁。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Objective To investigate the potential mechanism of electroacupuncture (EA) at Guanyuan(CV4), Zigong(CA1),and Sanyinjiao(SP6) in treating premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) from the perspective of autophagy. Methods Forty-eight female SD rats with regular estrous cycles were randomly divided into a normal group,a model group,an EA group,and a medication group (n=12 per group). The POI model was established in the model group,EA group and medication group via intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide (CTX), while the normal group received an equal volume of saline. The EA group received electroacupuncture at Guanyuan, Zigong, and Sanyinjiao for 20 minutes per session,once daily for 4 weeks. The medication group received sequential therapy with estradiol valerate (0.14 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 ) for 4 days and medroxyprogesterone acetate (0.86 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 ) for 1 day per 5-day cycle, for 4 weeks. After the intervention, serum levels of folliclestimulating hormone (FSH),luteinizing hormone (LH),estradiol (E2 ),and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the ovarian index was calculated and compared. Ovarian tissue morphology was observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining,autophagosome numbers were examined under electron microscopy,and protein expression of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), Beclin1,and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3Ⅱ/Ⅰ(LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ) in ovarian tissue was detected by Western Blot. mRNA expression of mTOR,Beclin1,and LC3B in ovarian tissue was measured by quantitative real-time PCR. Results Compared with the normal group,the model group showed increased serum FSH and LH levels (P<0.01),decreased E2 and AMH levels (P<0.01),elevated mTOR protein and mRNA expression in ovarian tissue (P<0.01),reduced Beclin1 and LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ protein and mRNA expression (P<0.01),a decreased ovarian index (P>0.05),significantly fewer developing follicles at all stages, increased atretic follicles, and reduced autophagosome numbers. Compared with the model group, the EA and medication groups exhibited decreased serum FSH and LH levels (P<0.01), increased E2 and AMH levels (P<0.01), reduced mTOR protein and mRNA expression (P<0.01),elevated Beclin1 and LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ protein and mRNA expression (P< 0.01), an increased ovarian index (P>0.05), more growing follicles, fewer atretic follicles, and increased autophagosome numbers. Conclusion Electroacupuncture at Guanyuan, Zigong, and Sanyinjiao can improve ovarian reserve function in POI rats. The mechanism may involve regulation of the mTOR pathway to promote ovarian autophagy and reduce primordial follicle atresia.
[中图分类号]
R245
[基金项目]
湖南省自然科学基金青年基金项目(编号:2020JJ5437);中医药人才培养重点学科开放基金项目(编号:ZJ202301);湖南中医药 大学研究生创新课题(编号:000200100619)