溃疡性结肠炎是消化科的难治性疾病，易反复发作，其病程迁延不愈。溃疡性结肠炎属于中医学“痢疾”“泄泻”等 范畴。中医认为，正气亏虚、毒邪深伏是其根本原因。 溃疡性结肠炎复发的机制如下：正气亏虚是发病之本，湿热瘀蕴结 成毒是病理基础，其病位在肠络。防治溃疡性结肠炎复发当以扶正解毒、清热利湿、化瘀通络、疏肝理气为原则。温补脾 肾以扶正，常以六君子汤、参苓白术散、理中汤为基础方进行加减；清热解毒常用白花蛇舌草、黄连，托毒排脓多配伍黄 芪、薏苡仁；祛湿多选用性味辛香温燥之木香、砂仁、藿香、草豆蔻，且应适当加用防风、藿香等风药；理气活血可选用 芍药汤为基础方，养血通络酌用丹参、当归、鸡血藤等；疏肝行气常用柴胡、香附、佛手之类，或选用花类药如玫瑰花、 绿萼梅、厚朴花、合欢花等。临证治疗应虚实兼顾，标本同治，以达到减少复发次数和延迟复发的治疗目的。

Ulcerative colitis （UC） is a refractory gastroenterological disease，characterized by a prolonged course and being prone to relapse. In traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， UC falls mainly under the categories of dysentery and diarrhea. TCM theory posits that deficiency of healthy qi and deep concealment of toxins are its fundamental pathogenesis. The mechanism of UC relapse is as follows：deficiency of healthy qi is the root of its onset，while damp-heat and stasis accumulating and then developing into toxins serves as the pathological basis， and the disease involves the intestinal collaterals. Preventing and treating UC relapse should adhere to the principles of strengthening healthy qi and removing toxins，clearing heat and draining dampness，resolving stasis and unblocking collaterals，and soothing the liver and regulating qi. Warming and tonifying the spleen and kidney to strengthen healthy qi is often achieved by modified use of foundational formulas such as Liu Junzi Decoction， Shen Ling Baizhu San，and Lizhong Decoction. For clearing heat and removing toxins，Hedyotis Diffusae Herba and Coptidis Rhizoma are commonly used. Astragali Radix and Coicis Semen are frequently combined to expel toxins and drain pus. For eliminating dampness，medicinals with pungent，aromatic，warm，and dry properties such as Aucklandiae Radix， Amomi Fructus， Agastachis Herba， and Alpiniae Katsumadai Semen are often selected，with wind medicinals like Saposhnikoviae Radix and Agastachis Herba added as necessary. Regulating qi and activating blood can be accomplished using Shaoyao Decoction as a basic formula，while nourishing blood and unblocking collaterals can be achieved by using Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma， Angelicae Sinensis Radix，and Spatholobi Caulis. Soothing the liver and moving qi can be achieved by using Bupleuri Radix，Cyperi Rhizoma，and Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus，or by using floral medicinals such as Rosae Rugosae Flos，Mume Flos， Magnoliae Officinalis Flos and Albiziae Flos. Clinical treatment of UC should focus on both tonifying deficiency and expelling excess and on managing symptoms and the root cause simultaneously，aiming to reduce the frequency of relapse and delay the recurrence.

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国家自然科学基金项目（编号：82174126）；教育部高等学校中西医结合类专业教学指导委员会 2022年度教育研究课题（编号： 2022-ZC11）；广东省中医院第十三届朝阳人才项目（编号：ZY2022YL29）