[关键词]
[摘要]
【目的】 评估基于从肺论治理论创制的心康Ⅰ号方(由黄芪、党参、桂枝、炒葶苈子、北杏仁、茯苓、白术、丹参、 川芎等组成)对慢性心力衰竭(简称慢性心衰)患者心肺功能及生活质量的影响。【方法】 采用前瞻性随机对照设计,选取2023年 12月至2024年12月广州中医药大学东莞医院心内科门诊及住院部收治的气虚阳虚血瘀水停型慢性心衰患者共110例,采用 随机数字表法将患者按 1∶1比例随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各 55例。对照组给予标准抗心力衰竭药物治疗,治疗组在 对照组的基础上联合应用心康Ⅰ号方治疗,2组疗程均为8周。观察2组患者治疗前后中医证候积分、明尼苏达心衰生活质 量调查表(MLHFQ)评分、心肺运动试验(CPET)各参数[包括峰值公斤摄氧量(Peak VO2/kg)、无氧阈公斤摄氧量(AT VO2/kg)、 氧脉搏(O2Pulse)、最大运动水平摄氧量与功率变化比(ΔVO2 /ΔWR)、二氧化碳通气当量斜率(VE/VCO2Slope)、肺活量 (FVC)、一秒率(FEV1/FVC)]、心脏彩超指标[左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDd)]及血清氨基末端B型 利钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)浓度的变化情况。【结果】(1)脱落情况方面,研究过程中,有5例患者因依从性不佳或失访等原因 提前退出研究(包括治疗组2例、对照组3例),实际完成病例数105例,其中治疗组53例、对照组52例。(2)CPET各参数方 面,治疗 8周后,2组患者的 Peak VO2/kg、 AT VO2/kg及治疗组的 O2Pulse、FVC、FEV1/FVC 均较治疗前升高(P<0.05),同 时,治疗组的 VE/VCO2Slope 较治疗前下降(P<0.05);而对照组治疗前后的 O2Pulse、FVC、FEV1/FVC、VE/VCO2Slope 均无 显著性变化(P>0.05)。组间比较,治疗组对 Peak VO2/kg、AT VO2/kg、O2Pulse、VE/VCO2Slope、FVC、FEV1/FVC 的改善程 度均明显优于对照组(P<0.05 或 P<0.01);而 2 组患者的 ΔVO2/ΔWR,无论是组内还是组间比较,差异均无统计学意义 (P>0.05)。(3)血清NT-proBNP水平方面,治疗8周后,2组患者的血清NT-proBNP水平较治疗前明显降低(P<0.05),且治 疗组的降低幅度明显优于对照组(P<0.05或 P<0.01)。(4)心脏彩超指标方面,治疗 8周后,2组患者的 LVEF值均较治疗前 有升高(P<0.05),且治疗组的升高幅度明显优于对照组(P<0.05);而2组患者治疗前后及组间LVEDd比较,差异均无统计 学意义(P>0.05)。(5)相关量表评分方面,治疗 8 周后,2 组患者的 MLHFQ 评分和中医证候积分均较治疗前明显降低(P< 0.05),且治疗组的降低幅度均明显优于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。【结论】 在常规抗心衰药物治疗基础上联用心康Ⅰ号方, 对改善气虚阳虚血瘀水停型慢性心衰患者心肺功能、提升左心室射血分数、降低NT-proBNP、提高生活质量、缓解临床症状上 更具优势。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Objective To evaluate the effects of Xinkang Formula Ⅰ(composed of Astragali Radix,Codonopsis Radix, Cinnamomi Ramulus, fried Descurainiae Semen Lepidii Semen, Armeniacae Semen Amarum, Poria, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, and Chuanxiong Rhizoma),formulated based on the theroy of lung-oriented treatment, on cardiopulmonary function and quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Methods A prospective randomized controlled design was adopted. A total of 110 patients with CHF of qi-yang deficiency with blood stasis and fluid retention type were recruited from the outpatient and inpatient departments of the Cardiology Department of Dongguan Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine between December 2023 and December 2024. Patients were randomly divided into a treatment group (n=55) and a control group (n=55) using a random number table. Both groups received standard anti-heart failure drug therapy, while the treatment group was additionally administered Xinkang Formula Ⅰ for 8 weeks. Changes in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome scores,Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) scores,cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) parameters [including peak oxygen uptake per kilogram (Peak VO2/kg),anaerobic threshold oxygen consumption per kilogram (AT VO2/kg), oxygen pulse (O2Pulse),ratio of maximum oxygen uptake to change in power (ΔVO2/ΔWR),slope of the carbon dioxide and ventilation equivalent (VE/VCO2Slope),forced vital capacity (FVC),and forced expiratory volume in one second ratio (FEV1/FVC)],echocardiographic parameters [left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDd)],and serum N-terminal pro-natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels were observed before and after treatment. Results (1) Dropout:Five patients withdrew from the study due to poor compliance or loss to follow-up (2 in the treatment group,3 in the control group),leaving 105 patients (53 in the treatment group,52 in the control group).(2) CPET parameters:After 8 weeks,Peak VO2/kg and AT VO2/kg in both groups,and O2Pulse,FVC,and FEV1/FVC in the treatment group increased (P<0.05),while VE/ VCO2Slope decreased in the treatment group (P<0.05). No significant changes were observed in the control group for O2Pulse,FVC,FEV1/FVC,and VE/VCO2Slope (P>0.05). Intergroup comparison showed that the treatment group significantly improved Peak VO2/kg, AT VO2/kg, O2Pulse, VE/VCO2Slope, FVC, and FEV1/FVC compared to the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). No significant differences were found in ΔVO2/ΔWR within or between groups (P>0.05).(3) Serum NT-proBNP levels:Both groups showed significant reductions in NT-proBNP (P<0.05),with a greater reduction in the treatment group (P<0.05 or P<0.01).(4) Echocardiographic parameters:LVEF increased in both groups (P<0.05),with a more significant increase in the treatment group (P<0.05). No significant differences were observed in LVEDd within or between groups (P>0.05).(5) Scale scores:MLHFQ scores and TCM syndrome scores decreased in both groups (P<0.05),with a greater reduction in the treatment group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion Combining Xinkang Formula Ⅰ with standard antiheart failure therapy demonstrates superior benefits in improving cardiopulmonary function, enhancing LVEF, reducing NT-proBNP, enhancing quality of life, and alleviating clinical symptoms in patients with CHF of qi deficiency and yang deficiency with blood stasis and fluid retention syndrome.
[中图分类号]
R259.416
[基金项目]
东莞市社会发展科技项目(编号:20231800914372);广东省省部共建中医湿证国家重点实验室工作站开放课题(编号: SZGZZ20240030);全国第七批老中医药专家学术经验继承项目(国中医办人教函[2021]272号)