[关键词]
[摘要]
【目的】 分析血瘀型老年创伤脓毒症患者在客观营养指数下的营养不良风险状况及相关影响因素。【方法】 选取2018年 1月1日至2024年10月31日佛山市中医院收治的214例血瘀型老年创伤脓毒症患者作为研究对象,运用改良危重症营养风险 评分(mNUTRIC)和控制营养状态评分(CONUT)对患者营养状态进行量化评估并分析其影响因素。【结果】(1)在mNUTRIC评 分中,有 197 例(92.06%)患者存在营养不良风险,其中高营养不良风险有 146 例(68.22%)。在 CONUT 评分中,有 187 例 (87.38%)患者存在营养不良风险,其中高营养不良风险有 55 例(25.70%)。(2)mNUTRIC 显示,血瘀型老年创伤脓毒症患者 中,高营养不良风险组的创伤数量、降钙素原(PCT)、肌酐、乳酸、序贯器官衰竭评分(SOFA)以及急性生理与慢性健康评 分(APACHE Ⅱ)均显著高于低或中营养风险不良组和(或)无营养风险不良组(P<0.05);CONUT显示,血瘀型老年创伤脓毒 症患者中,高营养不良风险组的红细胞压积、血红蛋白、淋巴细胞计数及百分比、白蛋白、前白蛋白、转铁蛋白、低密度 脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和总胆固醇(TC)均低于无营养不良风险组和(或)低或中营养不良风 险组(P<0.05),凝血酶原时间、PCT、中性粒细胞百分比(NEUT%)、乳酸、SOFA评分及APACHE II评分均高于无营养不良 风险组和(或)低或中营养不良风险组(P<0.05);低或中营养不良风险组的淋巴细胞计数及百分比、白蛋白、前白蛋白、转 铁蛋白、HDL-C、LDL-C及TC均低于无营养不良风险组(P<0.05)。(3)多因素Logistic回归分析显示,在mNUTRIC评估中, 白细胞计数(WBC)及血红蛋白是血瘀型老年创伤脓毒症患者营养不良风险的保护因素;前白蛋白、HDL-C、LDL-C及WBC 是CONUT营养筛查方法下营养不良风险的保护因素,中性粒细胞百分比是血瘀型老年创伤脓毒症患者营养不良风险的危险 因素。两种筛查工具均对患者死亡风险具有预测价值(P<0.05),其中mNUTRIC评分在预测血瘀型老年创伤脓毒症患者死亡 风险中灵敏度为80.0%,阴性预测值为82.4%,比CONUT表现更优。【结论】 血瘀型老年创伤脓毒症患者营养不良风险发生率 较高,应早期开展营养风险筛查,加强对保护因素和危险因素的干预,以改善患者预后。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Objective To analyze malnutrition risk status and related influencing factors in elderly traumatic sepsis patients with blood-stasis syndrome using objective nutritional indices. Methods A total of 214 elderly traumatic sepsis patients with blood-stasis syndrome admitted to Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 1,2018 to October 31,2024 were enrolled. Nutritional status was quantitatively assessed using modified Nutrition Risk in Critically Ill (mNUTRIC) score and Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score, and its influencing factors were analyzed. Results (1) In mNUTRIC assessment,197 patients (92.06%) had malnutrition risk,including 146 cases (68.22%) with high risk. CONUT scoring identified 187 patients (87.38%) at malnutrition risk,and 55 cases (25.70%) had high risk.(2) mNUTRIC scoring showed the high-risk group had significantly higher trauma counts,procalcitonin (PCT),creatinine,lactate,sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score,and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE Ⅱ) score than low/moderate-risk or no-risk groups (P<0.05). CONUT scoring revealed that the high-risk group exhibited lower hematocrit, hemoglobin, lymphocyte count/percentage,albumin,prealbumin,transferrin,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),and total cholesterol (TC)(P<0.05),but higher prothrombin time,PCT,neutrophil percentage (NEUT%),lactate,SOFA,and APACHE Ⅱ scores than no-risk or low/ moderate-risk groups (P<0.05);the low/moderate-risk group also showed lower lymphocyte count/percentage, albumin,prealbumin,transferrin,HDL-C,LDL-C,and TC than the no-risk group (P<0.05).(3)Multivariate Logistic regression indicated that white blood cell count (WBC) and hemoglobin were protective factors against malnutrition risk in mNUTRIC assessment, while prealbumin, HDL-C, LDL-C, and WBC were protective factors in CONUT assessment. Both tools predicted mortality risk (P<0.05),with mNUTRIC score demonstrating superior sensitivity (80.0%) and negative predictive value (82.4%) for death risk prediction in blood-stasis type of elderly traumatic sepsis patients outperforming the COUNT score. Conclusion Elderly traumatic sepsis patients with blood-stasis syndrome exhibit high malnutrition risk prevalence. Early nutrition risk screening and interventions targeting protective/risk factors are essential to improve prognosis.
[中图分类号]
R269.31
[基金项目]
广东省中医药局科研项目(编号:20251364);佛山市科技攻关项目(编号:2320001006947)