【目的】 探讨电针百会、大椎穴对阿尔茨海默病（AD）小鼠认知功能的影响及潜在机制。【方法】 将48只雄性五转家族 性阿尔茨海默病转基因（5xFAD）模型小鼠分为 4组：空载组、敲减组、空载电针组、敲减电针组。敲减组通过腺相关病毒 （AAV）显微注射技术敲减 Rho 关联卷曲螺旋蛋白激酶 2（ROCK2），通过聚合酶链式反应（PCR）实验验证敲除效果，Western Blot实验验证基因表达水平，待病毒表达转染4周后行电针百会、大椎穴干预4周。采用行为学评估认知功能，结合免疫荧 光染色、酶联免疫吸附分析（ELISA）和Western Blot技术检测病理产物，包括炎症标志物白细胞介素6（IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子 α（TNF-α）及磷脂酰肌醇-3-激酶（PI3K）/蛋白激酶B（AKT）信号通路的变化。【结果】 与空载组比较，ROCK2敲减组的空间和 情境记忆能力显著升高（P＜0.05或 P＜0.01），淀粉样沉积及炎症指标降低（P＜0.01），磷酸化蛋白激酶 B（P-AKT）、磷酸化 磷脂酰肌醇-3-激酶（P-PI3K）表达水平升高（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）；而敲低电针组作用效果较敲减组更为显著（P＜0.05或P＜ 0.01）。【结论】 电针百会、大椎穴可调控ROCK2激活PI3K/AKT信号通路，改善AD小鼠认知障碍，减少Aβ沉积并减轻炎症 反应。

Objective To investigate the effects of electroacupuncture at Baihui（GV20） point and Dazhui（GV14） point on cognitive function and potential mechanisms in Alzheimer’s disease （AD） mice. Methods Forty-eight male five-transgenic familial Alzheimer’s disease （5xFAD） mice were divided into four groups： empty vector group，knockdown group，empty vector + electroacupuncture group，and knockdown + electroacupuncture group. The knockdown group received Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2（ROCK2） knockdown via adeno-associated virus （AAV） microinjection technology. Knockdown efficiency was verified by polymerase chain reaction （PCR），and gene expression levels were confirmed by Western Blot. After 4 weeks of viral expression and transfection， electroacupuncture intervention at Baihui and Dazhui acupoints was administered for 4 weeks. Cognitive function was assessed using behavioral tests. Pathological products，inflammatory markers [interleukin 6 （IL-6），tumor necrosis factor α（TNF-α）]，and changes in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway were detected using immunofluorescence staining， enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）， and Western Blot techniques. Results Compared with the empty vector group， the ROCK2 knockdown group showed significantly improved spatial and contextual memory （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01），reduced amyloid deposition and inflammatory indicators （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）， and increased expression levels of phosphorylated protein kinase B （P-AKT） and phosphorylated phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase （P-PI3K）（P＜0.01），while the knockdown + electroacupuncture group exhibited more pronounced effects than knockdown group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）.Conclusion Electroacupuncture at Baihui point and Dazhui point can regulate ROCK2 to activate the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway， improve cognitive impairment in AD mice，reduce Aβ deposition，and alleviate inflammatory responses.

R285.5

广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目（编号：2021A1515110847）；广东省中医院岭南针药相须流派传承工作室（编号：E43612）