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[摘要]
【目的】 探讨慢性胃炎患者中医证型与五运六气理论之间的相关性,以揭示不同运气禀赋对慢性胃炎中医证型的影 响,并为个体化治疗提供依据。【方法】 收集2017年1月20日到2023年1月20日于广州市海珠区瑞宝街社区卫生服务中心的 医院信息系统(HIS)中符合纳入、排除标准的病历。收集的病例信息包括年龄、出生日期、辨证分型等。统计患者出生时岁 运、司天-在泉之气、五运三纪和辨证分型信息,运用Excel软件对数据汇总,经核对后,建立数据库;运用SPSS 23.0统计 软件,使用χ2 检验和Logistic回归分析进行数据的统计分析。【结果】(1)共纳入1 882例慢性胃炎患者,其中以脾胃虚弱型占 比最高,占25.3%(477/1 882),其他证型分布从高到低依次为肝胃不和型、脾胃湿热型、胃阴不足型和胃络瘀阻型。不同中 医证型分布比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2 =69.950,P=0.000)。(2)慢性胃炎患者不同中医证型的太角、太宫、太羽、太徵、少 宫、太商等岁运分布及少阴-阳明、太阴-太阳、阳明-少阴、太阳-太阴等司天-在泉分布,以及木运太过、土运太过、土运 不及、金运太过、金运平气、水运太过、水运不及等五运三纪分布比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或 P<0.01)。(3)在 岁运与证型关系方面,出生在太角年和少宫年均为肝胃不和型慢性胃炎的高风险因素(P<0.01);出生在太商年则被视为胃 阴不足型慢性胃炎的高风险因素(P<0.05);而出生在太角年、少宫年、太羽年均为脾胃湿热型慢性胃炎的阻患因素(P< 0.05或P<0.01)。(4)在司天-在泉之气与证型关系方面,厥阴-少阳、阳明-少阴年出生与脾胃虚弱型慢性胃炎的发生存在显 著关联(P<0.05);少阳-厥阴年出生与脾胃湿热型慢性胃炎的发生存在显著关联(P<0.05)。(5)在五运三纪与证型关系方面, 出生在土运不及和水运不及年与肝胃不和型慢性胃炎的发生存在显著关联(P<0.05或 P<0.01);出生在金运太过和金运平 气年与胃阴不足型慢性胃炎的发生存在显著关联(P<0.05或 P<0.01);出生在金运不及年与脾胃湿热型慢性胃炎的发生存 在显著关联(P<0.05)。【结论】 慢性胃炎的不同证型受到内外环境交互作用、脏腑功能失衡和阴阳失调的影响,临床治疗应 综合考虑五运六气的变化,制定个体化治疗方案,以有效改善患者症状和生活质量。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Objective To explore the correlation between traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes of chronic gastritis and the indicators of five circuits and six qi, revealing the influence of different congenital qi endowments on TCM syndrome differentiation and providing evidence for individualized treatment. Methods Medical records meeting inclusion/exclusion criteria were collected from the Hospital Information System (HIS) of Rui Bao Street Community Health Service Center in Haizhu District,Guangzhou between January 20,2017 and January 20, 2023. Data included age, birth date, and syndrome differentiation. Yearly circuit (Suiyun), celestial control-terrestrial effect (Sitian-Zaiqian) qi, three patterns of five circuits (Wuyun-Sanji), and syndrome patterns were statistically analyzed using Excel for database construction,with SPSS 23.0 for χ2 tests and Logistic regression. Results (1) Among 1 882 chronic gastritis patients, spleen-stomach weakness (25.3%, 477/1 882) was the most prevalent syndrome, followed by liver-stomach disharmony type, damp-heat in the spleen-stomach type,stomach-yin deficiency type,and stasis obstruction of stomach collateral type (χ2 =69.950, P=0.000). (2) Significant differences existed in Suiyun (Taijiao, Taigong, Taiyu, Taizhi, Shaogong, Taishang), Sitian-Zaiqian (Shaoyin-Yangming, Taiyin-Taiyang, Yangming-Shaoyin, Taiyang-Taiyin), and Wuyun-Sanji (excessive/insufficient earth/metal/water circuit) distributions among syndromes (P<0.05 or P< 0.01).(3) For Suiyun-syndrome relationships: Birth in Taijiao/Shaogong years was the high-risk factor for developing chronic gastritis of liver-stomach disharmony type (P<0.01);Taishang years were associated with stomach yin deficiency type (P<0.05);Taijiao/Shaogong/Taiyu years were protective against damp-heat in the spleen-stomach type (P<0.05 or P<0.01).(4) For Sitian-Zaiqian-syndrome relationships:Jueyin-Shaoyang/ Yangming-Shaoyin years linked to spleen-stomach weakness type (P<0.05); Shaoyang-Jueyin years were correlated with damp-heat in the spleen-stomach type (P<0.05).(5) For Wuyun-Sanji-syndrome relationships: Insufficient earth/water circuit years were associated with liver-stomach disharmony type (P<0.05 or P<0.01); excessive/balanced metal circuit years linked to stomach yin deficiency type (P<0.05 or P<0.01);insufficient metal circuit years were correlated with damp-heat in the spleen-stomach type (P<0.05). Conclusion TCM syndromes of chronic gastritis are influenced by environment-body interactions,disordered visceral function and yin-yang imbalance. Clinical treatment should integrate the varied indicators of five circuits and six qi variations for personalized regimens to improve symptoms and quality of life.
[中图分类号]
R259.733
[基金项目]
国家重点研发计划项目(编号:2023YFC3502904);国家中医药管理局龙砂医学流派传承工作室建设项目(国中医药人教函[2012] 228号);广东省中医院顾植山学术经验传承工作室项目;广东省中医药局科研项目(编号:20221135)