【目的】 探讨超重/肥胖人群中医体质与内脏脂肪等人体成分的关系。【方法】 选取2023年9月15日至2024年9月14日 在佛山市中医院治未病中心就诊的320例超重/肥胖患者为研究对象，其中超重组135例，肥胖组185例。采用中医体质量表 和人体成分分析仪（InBody570）采集数据，比较超重组与肥胖组及不同性别超重/肥胖患者的中医体质分布差异，分析中医体 质类型与人体成分的相关性，并采用Logistic回归分析探讨超重/肥胖人群中偏颇体质发生的危险因素。【结果】 320例超重/肥 胖患者中，以痰湿质（56.25%）和湿热质（40.31%）为最主要偏颇体质；女性血瘀质、气郁质、特禀质占比显著高于男性（P＜ 0.05或P＜0.01），气郁质风险为男性的6.028倍（P＜0.01）；阳虚质与蛋白质呈正相关，与骨骼肌、体脂肪负相关（P＜0.05）； 超重组血瘀质占比高于肥胖组（P＜0.01），超重/肥胖血瘀质患者内脏脂肪超标风险为未超标者的2.658倍，与体脂肪、骨矿 物质含量、细胞内水分、骨骼肌质量指数（SMI）呈正相关，与体质量指数（BMI）、身体细胞量负相关（P＜0.05 或 P＜ 0.01）。【结论】 超重肥胖人群需重点关注血瘀质者的内脏脂肪管理以及女性情志干预，应结合中医体质与人体成分指标制定 分阶段精准防治策略。

Objective To investigate the relationship between traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） constitution and body composition such as visceral fat in overweight and obese individuals. Methods A total of 320 overweight/ obese patients who visited the Preventive Treatment Center of Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine between September 15，2023，and September 14，2024，were selected as study subjects. Among them，135 were classified into the overweight group and 185 into the obese group. Data were collected using the TCM Constitution Questionnaire and a body composition analyzer （InBody570）. The differences in TCM constitution distribution between the overweight and obese groups， as well as between genders， were compared. The correlation between TCM constitution types and body composition parameters was analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was employed to identify risk factors for biased constitutions in the overweight/obese population. Results Among the 320 overweight/obese patients， phlegm-damp constitution （56.25%） and damp-heat constitution （40.31%） were the most predominant biased constitutions. The proportions of blood stasis constitution， qi depression constitution，and inherited special constitution in females were significantly higher than those in males （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01），with the risk of qi depression constitution in females being 6.028 times higher than that in males （P＜0.01）. Yang deficiency constitution was positively correlated with protein content but negatively correlated with skeletal muscle mass and body fat mass （P＜0.05）. The proportion of blood stasis constitution in the overweight group was higher than that in the obese group （P＜0.01）. In overweight/obese individuals with blood stasis constitution，the risk of excessive visceral fat was 2.658 times as high as those without excessive visceral fat. Blood stasis constitution was positively correlated with body fat mass，bone mineral content，intracellular water， and skeletal muscle mass index （SMI），but was negatively correlated with body mass index （BMI） and body cell mass （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Conclusion For overweight and obese populations，special attention should be paid to the management of visceral fat in individuals with blood stasis constitution and to emotional intervention in females. A staged and precise prevention and treatment strategy should be developed by integrating TCM constitution and body composition indicators.

R259.892

广东省基础与应用基础研究基金青年项目（编号：2023A1515110682）；广东省中医药局科研项目（编号：20223038）；佛山市自筹 经费类科技创新项目（编号：2220001005129）