【目的】探讨四逆散加味方的主治病证、功效及组方规律。 【方法】通过检索《中医方剂大辞典精选本》中包含四逆散 的加味方，对四逆散加味方药物进行频次分析、聚类分析、关联规则分析。 【结果】共纳入34首四逆散加味方，涉及加味中 药127味。对川芎、当归、黄芩、厚朴、生地黄、大黄、茯苓、人参、香附、半夏、苍术、陈皮等频次居前30位的高频加 味中药的性味归经分析显示，加味中药以温性、苦味、入脾经为主。聚类分析共获得6类药物组合，关联规则发现四逆散常 与川芎、当归、生地黄、川芎-当归、当归-生地黄、当归-桃仁、当归-红花、桔梗-川芎、红花-桃仁-当归等配伍使用。 【结论】后世医家将四逆散加味后拓展用于外感病表证、疫病、积聚、眼疾等病症之气滞血瘀证。四逆散常与桃红四物汤、 越鞠丸等方合用。四逆散通常配伍化瘀、活血、解表、理气、补虚、泻下药物，此为其6个拓展应用方向。分析结果可为四 逆散的现代临床及药理研究提供新思路。

Objective To investigate the indications，therapeutic effects，and compatibility patterns of modified Sini San formulas. Methods Modified Sini San formulas recorded in the Selected Compilation of Encyclopedia of Chinese Medicinal Formulas were retrieved. Frequency analysis，cluster analysis，and association rule mining were performed on the herbs of Sini San modified formulas. Results A total of 34 modified Sini San formulas were included，involving 127 additional medicinals. Analysis of the properties，flavors，and meridian tropism of the top 30 high-frequency additional medicinals， including Chuanxiong Rhizoma， Angelicae Sinensis Radix， Scutellariae Radix，Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis，Rehmanniae Radix，Rhei Radix et Rhizoma，Poria，Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma， Cyperi Rhizoma， Pinelliae Rhizoma， Atractylodis Rhizoma， and Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium，revealed that the additional medicinals were predominantly warm in nature，bitter in flavor，and acted the spleen meridian. Cluster analysis yielded six categories of medicinal combinations. Association rule mining identified that Sini San was frequently prescribed by combining with single herbs of Chuanxiong Rhizoma， Angelicae Sinensis Radix，and Rehmanniae Radix，or with herbal groups of Chuanxiong Rhizoma-Angelicae Sinensis Radix， Angelicae Sinensis Radix-Rehmanniae Radix， Angelicae Sinensis Radix-Persicae Semen， Angelicae Sinensis Radix-Carthami Flos，Platycodonis Radix-Chuanxiong Rhizoma，and Carthami Flos-Persicae Semen-Angelicae Sinensis Radix. Conclusion Later physicians have expanded the application of Sini San after modification to treat externally contracted diseases with exterior syndrome，epidemic diseases，abdominal masses， eye disorders，and other conditions. Sini San is often used in combination with formulas such as Taohong Siwu Decoction and Yueju Pills. Commonly-paired additional medicinals fall into six primary categories corresponding to its expanded therapeutic applications， i. e.， stasis-resolving， blood-activating， exterior-releasing， qi- regulating，deficiency-supplementing，and purgative medicinals. The analytical results may provide new insights for modern clinical applications-pharmacological research on Sini San.

R289.5

广东省卫生健康“广东特支计划” （卫生健康人才） 项目青年拔尖人才项目（编号：0720240223） ；汕头市第四批医疗卫生科技计划 （自筹经费类） 项目 （编号：201116216493675）