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[摘要]
【目的】探讨血府逐瘀合剂对冠心病大鼠的治疗作用及机制。 【方法】构建冠心病大鼠模型。将造模成功的大鼠随机分 为模型组,立普妥组,中药复方低、复方高剂量组 (分别灌胃血府逐瘀合剂7.02、14.04 g·kg-1 ·d-1 ) ,中药复方高剂量+ RS09 [Toll样受体4 (TLR4) 激活剂]组 (灌胃血府逐瘀合剂14.04 g·kg-1 ·d-1 、腹腔注射RS09) ,每组12只。另取12只健康大鼠作为正 常组。给药结束后,对所有大鼠进行超声心动图检查观察左室舒张末期内径 (LVDd) 、左室收缩末期内径 (LVDs) 、左室射血 分数 (LVEF) 、左室短轴缩短率 (FS) ,苏木精-伊红 (HE) 染色法观察心肌组织病理形态、评估血管重塑指标,Masson染色法 观察心肌纤维化,酶联免疫吸附分析 (ELISA) 检测心肌组织炎性因子[肿瘤坏死因子α (TNF-α) 、白细胞介素 (IL) -1β和IL-6] 水平,免疫组织化学法检测心肌组织B淋巴细胞瘤2基因 (Bcl 2) 和天冬氨酸特异性半胱氨酸蛋白酶3 (Caspase 3) 蛋白含量, 蛋白免疫印迹 (Western Blot) 法检测心肌组织TLR4、磷脂酰肌醇3激酶 (PI3K) 、磷酸化的蛋白激酶B (p-AKT) 、蛋白激酶B (AKT) 、磷酸化的哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白 (p-mTOR) 和哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白 (mTOR) 表达量。 【结果】与正常组比较,模型组大鼠心肌组织病损程度严重,胶原容积分数,心功能LVDs、LVDd,心肌组织IL-6、TNF-α和IL-1β水平,心肌细胞 凋亡占比,主动脉中膜厚度,心肌组织Caspase 3、TLR4、PI3K、p-AKT/AKT和p-mTOR/mTOR蛋白表达量均显著升高, LVEF、FS,主动脉管腔内径以及Bcl 2蛋白含量显著降低,差异均有统计学意义 (P<0.05) ;与模型组比较,中药复方低、 高剂量组及立普妥组大鼠心肌组织病损减轻,胶原容积分数,心功能LVDs、LVDd,心肌组织IL-6、TNF-α和IL-1β、心肌 细胞凋亡占比,主动脉中膜厚度,心肌组织Caspase 3、TLR4、PI3K、p-AKT/AKT和p-mTOR/mTOR蛋白表达量均显著降低, LVEF、FS,主动脉管腔内径以及Bcl 2蛋白含量均显著升高,差异均有统计学意义 (P<0.05) ;中药复方高剂量组上述各指 标与立普妥组比较,差异均无统计学意义 (P<0.05) ;与中药复方高剂量组比较,中药复方高剂量+RS09组大鼠心肌组织病 损严重、出现心肌间质纤维化现象,炎性反应、心肌细胞凋亡和血管重塑现象均加剧 (P<0.05) 。 【结论】血府逐瘀合剂可通 过抑制TLR4/PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路的活性,减轻心肌组织炎性反应和纤维化、抑制心肌细胞凋亡、改善血管重塑,从而 改善冠心病大鼠症状。
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[Abstract]
Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of Xuefu Zhuyu Mixture (XFZY) in rats with coronary heart disease (CHD) . Methods A CHD rat model was established. Successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into five groups (n=12 each):model group,Lipitor group,low-dose XFZY group (7.02 g·kg-1 ·d-1 ) ,high-dose XFZY group (14.04 g·kg-1 ·d-1 ) ,and high-dose XFZY+RS09 [Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) agonist] group (14.04 g·kg-1 ·d-1 XFZY + intraperitoneal RS09) ,with an additional normal control group (n=12) . After treatment, following treatment completion, all rats underwent echocardiography to assess left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVDd),end-systolic diameter (LVDs),ejection fraction (LVEF),and fractional shortening (FS) . Myocardial histopathology and vascular remodeling indices were evaluated via hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining,while myocardial fibrosis was examined using Masson’ s trichrome staining. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to quantify inflammatory cytokine levels [tumor necrosis factorα (TNF-α) ,interleukin (IL) -1β,and IL-6] in myocardial tissues. Immunohistochemical analysis determined protein expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl2) and Caspase 3 in myocardial tissues. Western Blot was performed to measure myocardial protein expression levels of TLR4, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) ,phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-AKT) ,total AKT,phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR) ,and total mTOR. Results Compared with the normal group,rats in the model group exhibited severe myocardial tissue damage,along with significantly elevated collagen volume fraction,LVDs,LVDd,myocardial levels of IL-6, TNF- α and IL-1β, cardiomyocyte apoptosis ratio, aortic media thickness, and protein expression of Caspase 3,TLR4,PI3K,p-AKT/AKT and p-mTOR/mTOR in myocardial tissue (P<0.05) . Conversely,LVEF,FS,aortic luminal diameter,and Bcl-2 protein content were significantly reduced,the difference being statistically significant (P<0.05) . Compared to the model group,both low- and high-dose XFZY groups as well as the Lipitor group demonstrated attenuated myocardial lesions,with significant reductions in collagen volume fraction,LVDs,LVDd,myocardial IL-6,TNF-α,IL-1β levels,cardiomyocyte apoptosis ratio,aortic media thickness,and protein expression of Caspase 3,TLR4,PI3K,p-AKT/AKT and p-mTOR/ mTOR (P<0.05) . Concurrently, LVEF, FS, aortic luminal diameter, and Bcl-2 protein content were significantly increased, the difference being statistically significant (P<0.05) . No statistically significant differences were observed between the high-dose XFZY group and the Lipitor group for any aforementioned parameters (P>0.05) . However,rats treated with high-dose XFZY plus RS09 showed aggravated myocardial injury with manifested interstitial fibrosis,alongside significantly intensified inflammatory response,cardiomyocyte apoptosis,and vascular remodeling compared to the high-dose XFZY alone group (all P<0.05) . Conclusion XFZY alleviates CHD symptoms by suppressing TLR4/PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway activation,thereby reducing myocardial inflammation,fibrosis,apoptosis,and vascular remodeling.
[中图分类号]
R285.5
[基金项目]
湖北省中医药科研立项项目 (编号:ZY2019M043)