通过文献调研法和专家咨询法，参考多版教材、临床指南和专家共识，初步建立了基于证素辨证的儿童支气管哮喘 中医证候量表。该儿童支气管哮喘病证候量表涉及17个相关证素，分别为肺、表、肾、脾、心、痰、寒、阴虚、阳虚、饮、 气虚、风、热、气滞、血瘀、气不固、血虚；对应了“喘息或气促”“咳嗽”“胸闷”“喉中痰鸣、咯痰”“肺部体征”5个主 证条目、30余个兼证条目以及中医舌象、脉象、小儿指纹、面色等条目。总量表及各证素维度的克隆巴赫系数均大于 0.7， 具有较好的结构效度。该量表的设立证候条目、确定证素、形成量表的制作过程与证素辨证过程（分析证候，确立证素，形 成证名）较一致，制作过程既结合了儿童支气管哮喘病的特点，又结合了证素辨证的特点，体现了病证结合的优势。所构建 的量表对中医儿科临床实践具有一定的参考意义。

This article aims to initially establish a traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome scale for pediatric bronchial asthma based on syndrome element differentiation through literature research and expert consultation and by referencing multiple editions of textbooks， clinical guidelines， and expert consensus. The TCM syndrome scale for pediatric bronchial asthma covers 17 relevant syndrome elements，namely lung，exterior， kidney，spleen，heart，phlegm，cold，yin deficiency，yang deficiency，fluid retention，qi deficiency，wind， heat，qi stagnation，blood stasis，qi failing in astringing，and blood deficiency. It corresponds to 5 major TCM syndrome items （i.e.，wheezing or shortness of breath，cough，chest tightness，wheezing sound in the throat or sputum expectation，and lung signs），over 30 secondary TCM syndrome items，and items related to TCM tongue signs， pulse signs， infantile finger signs （conditions of radial superficial vein of infantile index finger）， and facial complexion. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for the total scale and all syndrome element dimensions were greater than 0.7，indicating good structural validity. The process of establishing this scale，i.e，setting syndrome items，determining syndrome elements，and forming a scale，is consistent with the process of syndrome element differentiation （analyzing the syndromes， defining syndrome elements， forming a syndrome pattern）. The establishment of the scale has taken into consideration of both the characteristics of pediatric bronchial asthma and the features of syndrome element differentiation，harnessing the advantage of the disease-syndrome combination pattern. The constructed scale holds certain reference significance for clinical practice in TCM pediatrics.

R256.12

贵州省中医药管理局中医药、民族医药科学技术研究课题（编号：QZYY-2022-003）；教育部人文社会科学研究规划项目（编号： 23YJA870015）