[关键词]
[摘要]
【目的】 探讨运脾润通方(由代赭石、生白术、白芍、桂枝、麦冬、当归、火麻仁、枳实、升麻、胡黄连等组成)治疗 脾虚型小儿功能性便秘(FC)的疗效,并分析其对肠道菌群、排便情况及5-羟色胺(5-HT)信号通路的影响。【方法】 选取2022年 8月~2024年8月于山西省中医院就诊的160例脾虚型FC患儿为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将患儿随机分为对照组和研究 组,每组各 80 例。对照组给予常规西药(乳果糖口服溶液)治疗,研究组在对照组的基础上联合运脾润通方治疗,疗程均 为 1 个月。观察 2组患儿治疗前后中医证候积分、排便情况[平均排便时间、自然完全排便次数(SCBM)、Bristol大便性状分 型量表(BSFS)评分]、胃肠功能指标[P物质(SP)、胃泌素(GAS)、胃动素(MLT)]、肠道菌群及5-HT信号通路[血清5-HT水平 和 5-羟色胺受体 3(5-HT3R)、5-羟色胺受体 4(5-HT4R)蛋白表达量]的变化情况,并评价 2 组患儿的临床疗效和用药安全 性。【结果】(1)疗效方面,治疗 1个月后,研究组的总有效率为 95.00%(76/80),对照组为 81.25%(65/80),组间比较(χ2检 验),研究组的疗效明显优于对照组(P<0.01)。(2)中医证候方面,治疗后,2组患儿的排便持续时间、粪便性状、排便困难 程度、排便间隔时间积分及次症总积分均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),且研究组的降低幅度均明显优于对照组(P<0.01)。(3)排 便情况方面,治疗后,2组患儿的平均排便时间均较治疗前缩短(P<0.05),SCBM均较治疗前增多(P<0.05),BSFS得分均 较治疗前升高(P<0.05),且研究组对上述指标的改善幅度均明显优于对照组(P<0.01)。(4)胃肠功能指标方面,治疗后, 2 组患儿的血清SP、GAS、MLT水平均较治疗前升高(P<0.05),且研究组的升高幅度均明显优于对照组(P<0.01)。(5)肠道 菌群方面,治疗后,2组患儿的肠球菌、肠杆菌含量均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌含量均较治疗前升高 (P<0.05),且研究组对肠球菌、肠杆菌含量的降低幅度及对双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌含量的升高幅度均明显优于对照组(P< 0.01)。(6)5-HT 信号通路方面,治疗后,2 组患儿的血清 5-HT 水平及 5-HT3R、5-HT4R 蛋白表达量均较治疗前升高(P< 0.05),且研究组的升高幅度均明显优于对照组(P<0.01)。(7)安全性方面,治疗期间,2组患儿均未发生不良反应和不良事 件,且2组患儿治疗前后的肝、肾功能指标均未出现异常,具有较高的安全性。【结论】 运脾润通方联合常规西药治疗脾虚型 FC患儿的疗效确切,可有效改善临床症状和排便情况,促进胃肠功能恢复,改善肠道菌群结构,且安全性良好,其疗效机 制可能与激活5-HT信号通路有关。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Objective To evaluate the efficacy of Yunpi Runtong Formula (composed of Haematitum,Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma,Paeoniae Radix Alba,Cinnamomi Ramulus,Ophiopogonis Radix,Angelicae Sinensis Radix,Cannabis Fructus,Aurantii Fructus Immaturus,Cimicifugae Rhizoma,Picrorhizae Rhizoma,etc.) in treating functional constipation (FC) of spleen deficiency type in children and to analyze its effects on gut microbiota,defecation patterns,and the serotonin (5-HT) signaling pathway. Methods A total of 160 children with FC of spleen deficiency type treated at Shanxi Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine from August 2022 to August 2024 were enrolled and randomly divided into a control group and a study group,with 80 patients in each group. The control group received conventional western medicine (lactulose oral solution) treatment, while the study group received Yunpi Runtong Formula treatment in addition to the control group’s treatment. Both groups underwent treatment for one month. Changes in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome scores,defecation parameters [mean defecation time,spontaneous complete bowel movements (SCBM),Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS)],gastrointestinal function markers [substance P (SP),gastrin (GAS),motilin (MLT)],gut microbiota composition, and 5-HT signaling pathway components (serum 5-HT levels, 5-HT3R and 5-HT4R protein expression) were analyzed. Clinical efficacy and safety were evaluated. Results (1) The intergroup comparison (by chi-square test) showed that the study group exhibited significantly higher total efficacy [95.00% (76/80)] than the control group [81.25% (65/80);P<0.01].(2)Both groups exhibited reduced TCM syndrome scores (defecation duration,stool features,difficulty of defecation,interval of defecation,and secondary symptoms;all P<0.05), with greater improvements in the study group (P<0.01).(3) After treatment, both groups had shorter mean defecation time,increased SCBM,and higher BSFS scores (all P<0.05),and the study group demonstrated superior improvements (P<0.01).(4) Serum SP,GAS,and MLT levels increased in both groups (P<0.05),with more pronounced elevations in the study group (P<0.01).(5)Gut microbiota analysis revealed decreased levels of Enterococcus and Enterobacter (P<0.05) and increased levels of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus (P<0.05) in both groups,with the study group showing significantly greater modulation (P<0.01).(6) The 5-HT pathway activation (serum 5-HT,5-HT3R/5-HT4R expression) was enhanced in both groups (P<0.05),more markedly in the study group (P<0.01).(7) No adverse events or abnormal liver/renal function were observed. Conclusion Yunpi Runtong Formula combined with lactulose effectively alleviates FC symptoms,improves defecation patterns, gastrointestinal function,and gut microbiota,likely via 5-HT pathway activation,with high safety.
[中图分类号]
R256.35
[基金项目]
山西省中药管理局科研计划项目(编号:2022ZYYC020)