形气神生命一体观是中医认识人体生理活动和疾病病理发展的核心理论，可为中医肿瘤发生学提供全局性视野。该 文基于形气神相失致瘤探讨了肿瘤的生物学机制，认为气-形转化与能量和物质代谢、精神情志与神经调控具有相关性，从 机体“神经-代谢”途径可反映“形气神相失致瘤”的部分生物学机制；进而提出“形气神同调”中医药防治策略：从 “形”论治当消积抑瘤，全形保命；从“气”论治当益气扶正，通气排毒；从“神”论证需杂合以治，调神治癌。从形气神 相失致瘤探讨肿瘤的生物学机制，可以进一步彰显中医理论在认知恶性肿瘤中的独特优势，为中医药协同防治恶性肿瘤模 式提供有益参考。

The life view of physique-qi-spirit trinity is the core theory for explaining the physiological activities of human body and the evolution of disease pathology in traditional Chinese medicine（TCM），and will bring about an overview of TCM tumorigenesis. This paper explores the biological basis of tumor from the perspective of disorders of physique，qi and spirit：there is a correlation between qi-physique transformation and energy and substance metabolism， and between spirit-emotion and neuromodulation； the nerve-metabolism pathway contributes to partial biological basis of tumor from the perspective of disorders of physique， qi and spirit. Furthermore， it puts forward the strategies for prevention and treatment with TCM through the simultaneous regulation of physique， qi and spirit： eliminating the mass to inhibit the tumor， and improving physique to preserve life in the view of treating physique；replenishing qi to strengthen the body，and ventilating qi to remove toxins in the view of treating qi；regulating the spirit to treat cancer through comprehensive therapy in the view of treating spirit. The exploration on the biological basis of tumor from the perspective of disorders of physique，qi and spirit will further embody the unique advantages of TCM theories in understanding malignant tumors， and will provide useful references for the model of synergistic prevention and treatment of malignant tumors with TCM.

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国家自然科学基金面上项目(编号：82274278）；国家自然科学青年基金项目(编号：82305069）；国家中医药管理局第五批全国 优秀中医临床人才研修项目(国中医药人教函 〔2022〕）；上海市卫生健康委领军人才项目（编号：2022LJ014）；上海市中医医院未来计划 传承人才项目（编号：WLJH2021ZY-MZY020）；上海申康医院发展中心第二轮 《促进市级医院临床技能与临床创新三年行动计划》研究型 医师创新转化能力培训项目（编号：SHDC2023CRD01）；2023年度上海中医药大学科技发展项目（编号：23KFL096）；上海市中医神志病研究所 2023年度开放科研项目（编号：SZB2023102）；上海市静安区卫生科研课题（编号：2023QT02）