【目的】 探究深圳地区新型冠状病毒（简称“新冠病毒”）感染疫情开放初期，新冠病毒感染合并慢性支气管炎中医证 型分布及用药规律，为新冠病毒感染合并慢性支气管炎患者的中医辨证论治提供合理的诊疗依据。【方法】 对 2022 年 12 月 15 日至2023年2月28日在深圳市中医院呼吸与危重症医学科门诊及急诊内科门诊就诊的76例新冠病毒感染合并慢性支气管 炎患者的基本信息、中医辨证分型、中药处方的药物组成等进行回顾性分析，总结深圳地区疫情开放初期新冠病毒感染合 并慢性支气管炎患者的中医证型分布及用药规律，丰富对“新冠后遗症”“新冠后综合征”“长新冠”“感染后咳嗽”及“慢 性咳嗽”的认识，并为新冠后急慢性咳嗽、长新冠综合征及新发突发呼吸道急性传染病的中医辨证施治提供参考。 【结果】 本研究取得完整病历76例，共计63个中药复方，合计使用中药140味。统计结果显示：在中医证型方面，痰浊阻肺 证为最常见的中医证型，其次是痰热郁肺证和肺气亏虚证。在中药的使用情况方面，中药四气以温、寒、平药物为主，五 味以苦、辛、甘为主，归经以归肺、脾、胃、肝经为主；使用频次＞15次的中药共25味，主要有甘草、麻黄、薏苡仁、茯 苓等；通过关联规则分析，发现常用药对有甘草-麻黄、射干-麻黄、甘草-茯苓、茯苓-薏苡仁等；通过聚类分析，可将高 频使用药物归为4大类。【结论】 通过回顾性研究发现深圳地区疫情开放初期，新冠病毒感染合并慢性支气管炎患者的临床证 候复杂多样、病邪性质多涉及痰浊、痰热等，治疗原则主要涉及宣肺降逆、化痰祛湿、清利湿热等，用药主要以三拗汤、 越婢加半夏汤、小青龙汤、射干麻黄汤、苏黄止咳汤等基础方，随症加减。

Objective To investigate the distribution of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome patterns and medication characteristics in corona virus disease 2019（COVID-19） patients complicated with chronic bronchitis at the initial phase of the termination of pandemic control policy in Shenzhen，and to provide evidence for TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment of these patients. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 76 COVID-19 patients complicated with chronic bronchitis who visited the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine or the Emergency Internal Medicine Clinic at Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital between December 15，2022 and February 28，2023，an initial phase of the termination of pandemic control policy in Shenzhen. Data of demographics，TCM syndrome patterns，and herbal prescriptions were collected. TCM syndrome distribution and medication patterns of the COVID-19 patients complicated with chronic bronchitis were summarized to enhance understanding of post-COVID sequelae， post-COVID syndrome， long COVID， postinfectious cough， and chronic cough， and to provide references for TCM management of acute/chronic postCOVID cough，long COVID syndrome，and emerging respiratory infectious diseases. Results A total of 76 medical records with full information were included，covering 63 herbal formulas and 140 herbal medicinals were analyzed. The most common TCM syndrome pattern was phlegm-turbidity obstructing the lung syndrome， followed by phlegm-heat stagnating the lung syndrome and lung qi deficiency syndrome. The properties of the herbs used were predominantly warm，cold，or mild；their flavors were bitter，pungent，or sweet；and their meridian tropisms primarily involved the lung，spleen，stomach，and liver. Twenty-five medicinals used exceeding 15 times in the formulas were identified， including Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma （Gancao）， Ephedrae Herba （Mahuang）， Coicis Semen （Yiyiren）， and Poira （Fuling）. Association rule analysis revealed the frequent herbal pairs of Gancao-Mahuang，Belamcandae Rhizoma （Shegan）-Mahuang，Gancao-Fuling，Fuling-Yiyiren，etc. Cluster analysis categorized high-frequency herbs into four distinct groups. Conclusion The retrospective analysis highlights the complexity of clinical manifestations in COVID-19 patients complicated with chronic bronchitis at the initial phase of the termination of pandemic control policy in Shenzhen. The pathogenic factors of the patients predominantly involve phlegm-turbidity and phlegm-heat. Therapeutic principles for the patients focus on diffusing the lung to alleviate adverse flow of qi， resolving phlegm and removing dampness， and clearing and draining damp-heat. Commonly prescribed formulas include San’ao Decoction， Yuebi Plus Banxia Decoction， Xiaoqinglong Decoction，Shegan Mahuang Decoction，and Suhuang Zhike Decoction，and the formulas are used by modification according to the symptoms.

R259.631

：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（编号：82204983）；广东省自然科学基金面上项目（编号：2023A1515011576）；深圳市 科技创新委员会基础研究面上项目（编号：JCYJ20220531091811025）；深圳市科技创新委员会新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情应急防治项目 （编号：JSGG20220226085800001）