采用文献考证与古法复原的方法探讨附子火制法工艺的历史沿革。文献考证分析结果显示，汉代是附子火炮法的开 端，附子乌头炮制方法不同；晋唐时期对火炮法的用火以灰火为佳；宋代出现了炮熟的概念及尝试用液体浸泡附子再火炮 的方法；金元时期提出内外皆黄的炮制标准及火炮后的补救方法；明代水浸火炮切片焙制法成为主流，清代在工艺细节方 面进一步完善。建国后，地方炮制经验与规范中的砂烫法，已脱离了古法。基于文献考证结果与古法复原实践探索，认为 附子的传统火炮法无论是灰火炮还是水浸后再炮，或是火炮液淬，均是对温度与时间的控制，其炮制结果以内外皆黄为标 准；对于包含附子方剂中的现代附子炮制标准品的制备，建议用烤箱模拟热灰的温度炮制附子，选取呈均匀黄色者作为标 准品。

The historical evolution of the fire-processing of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata （Fuzi） was explored by literature research and the re-practice of ancient processing method. The literature research showed that the Han Dynasty was the beginning of fire-processing of Fuzi，and the processing techniques of Fuzi varied. During the Jin and Tang Dynasties，ash fire was preferred for fire-processing techniques；in the Song Dynasty， the concept of fully-processing and the method of macerating Fuzi with liquid before fire-processing appeared；in the Jin and Yuan Dynasties，the processing criterion of presenting yellow color inside and outside and the remedial methods after fire-processing were put forward；in the Ming Dynasty，the techniques of water-macerating，fireprocessing，slicing and baking became the mainstream，and the Qing Dynasty further refined the techniques in terms of process details. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China， the sand-scalding technique developed from the local processing experiences and standards has disengaged from the ancient methods. The literature evidence and the re-practice of ancient processing method revealed that the traditional fire-processing techniques on Fuli such as ash-fire-processing，water-macerating before fire-processing，and quenching after fire-processing，are all about the control of temperature and processing time and the criterion of presenting yellow color inside and outside. For the preparation of Fuzi standard in the formulas containing Fuzi，it is recommended to process Fuzi at the temperature of simulated hot ashes in an oven，and the standard should be uniformly yellow after processing.

R283.3

中国中医科学院科技创新工程项目资助（编号：CI2021A00415）