【目的】 观察槲皮素对牙周炎的治疗作用及机制。【方法】 采用结扎联合脂多糖（LPS）注射法诱导牙周炎大鼠模型。将 50只造模成功的牙周炎大鼠随机分为5组，即模型组、槲皮素组（100 mg/kg槲皮素灌胃）、槲皮素+成纤维细胞生长因子受体1 （FGFR1）过表达质粒（AV-FGFR1）组[100 mg/kg槲皮素灌胃+尾静脉注射AV-FGFR1 10 nmol]、AV-FGFR1组（尾静脉注射FGFR1 过表达质粒10 nmol）、AV-NC组（尾静脉注射空载质粒10 nmol），每组10只。正常组（10只大鼠）给予相同体积的生理盐水灌 胃。给药结束后，采用Micro-CT观察牙槽骨丢失情况，苏木精-伊红（HE）染色法观察牙周组织损伤情况，酶联免疫吸附分 析（ELISA）检测血清肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α、白细胞介素（IL）-1β和 IL-18水平，免疫组织化学法检测牙周组织中 FGFR1阳 性染色细胞比例，蛋白免疫印迹（Western Blot）法检测牙周组织中FGFR1/Toll样受体4（TLR4）/核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受 体蛋白 3（NLRP3）炎症小体通路相关蛋白表达水平。【结果】 与正常组比较，模型组和 AV-FGFR1 组骨矿密度（BMD）、骨体 积/组织体积（BV/TV）均显著降低，血清 TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-18 水平，FGFR1 阳性染色细胞比例及 FGFR1、TLR4、NF-κB p65、NLRP3、凋亡相关斑点样蛋白（ASC）、剪切的半胱氨酸天冬氨酸特异性蛋白水解酶（C-caspase-1）蛋白表达均升高，差 异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05），且AV-FGFR1组降低或升高作用更明显。给予槲皮素处理后，模型组的上述指标均被明显改 善。而过表达FGFR1后，槲皮素的改善作用被削弱。【结论】 槲皮素能够修复牙周炎大鼠的牙槽骨丢失、改善牙周组织病理 学损伤、减轻牙周炎症损伤，可能是通过抑制FGFR1/TLR4/NLRP3炎症小体通路来介导的。

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanism of quercetin in the treatment of periodontitis. Methods The rat periodontitis model was induced using ligation combined with lipopolysaccharide （LPS） injection method. Fifty successfully modeled periodontitis rats were randomly divided into 5 groups：the model group，the quercetin group（100 mg/kg quercetin by oral gavage），the quercetin + fibroblast growth factor receptor 1（FGFR1） overexpression plasmid （AV-FGFR1） group [100 mg/kg quercetin by oral gavage + 10 nmol AV-FGFR1 via tail vein injection]，the AV-FGFR1 group （10 nmol FGFR1 overexpression plasmids via tail vein injection），and the AV-NC group（10 nmol empty plasmids via tail vein injection），with 10 rats in each group. The normal group （10 rats） received the same volume of saline by oral gavage. After treatment completion， alveolar bone loss was observed by Micro-CT， periodontal tissue damage was observed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining，serum levels of tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-α，interleukin（IL）-1β，and IL-18 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA），the proportion of FGFR1-positive cells in periodontal tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry，and protein expression levels of the FGFR1/Toll-like receptor 4（TLR4）/ NLRP3 inflammasome pathway were analyzed by Western Blot. Results Compared with the normal group， the model group and AV-FGFR1 group showed significantly decreased bone mineral density （BMD） and bone volume/ tissue volume （BV/TV），while serum TNF-α，IL-1β，IL-18 levels，the proportion levels of FGFR1-positive cells，and protein expression levels of FGFR1，TLR4，NF-κB p65，NLRP3，apoptosis-associated speck-like protein（ASC）， and cleaved cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase caspase-1（C-caspase-1） were increased， with statistical significance（P＜0.05）. The AV-FGFR1 group exhibited more obvious decrease or increase effects. Administration of quercetin significantly improved these indexes in the model group. However， the therapeutic effects of quercetin were weakened after FGFR1 overexpression. Conclusion Quercetin can repair alveolar bone loss，ameliorate histopathological damage，and alleviate inflammatory injury in periodontitis rats，which may be mediated through inhibition of the FGFR1/TLR4/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway.

R285.5

广东省中医药局科研项目（编号：20241102）