【目的】调查深圳地区成人变应性鼻炎 （AR） 患者临床特征与中医体质的相关性。【方法】对深圳地区成人AR患者开展横 断面调查，选取2022年6月～2023年12月就诊于广州中医药大学附属宝安中医院 （深圳市宝安区中医院） 耳鼻喉科门诊的成 人AR患者作为研究对象，收集患者的临床基线资料、过敏性鼻炎鼻症状总分量表 （TNSS） 、鼻伴随症状总分量表 （TNNSS） ， 分析临床证候特征，填写中医体质调查问卷，进行中医体质辨识，使用方差分析、非参数检验及Logistic回归分析探讨中医 体质偏颇与临床特征的相关性。【结果】（1） 共收集深圳地区成人AR患者215例，其中以男性患者居多 （60.93%） ，18～29岁 年龄段占比最大 （48.84%） ，发病季节主要集中在春季 （33.49%） 和秋季 （30.70%） 。 （2） 中医证型分布方面，以肺气虚寒证最多 见 （40.93%） ，其次为肾阳不足证 （26.98%） 、脾气虚弱证 （20.00%） 、肺经蕴热证 （12.09%） ，其中肺气虚寒证、肺经蕴热证在 青年男性多见，肾阳不足证在中老年男性多见。 （3）中医体质分布方面，排前3位的分别是气虚质（30.23%）、阳虚质 （24.65%） 、特禀质 （15.81%） ；其中肺气虚寒证患者最常见的体质类型为气虚质、特禀质、平和质，脾气虚弱证患者最常见 的体质类型为特禀质、痰湿质、阳虚质，肾阳不足证患者最常见的体质类型为阳虚质、气郁质、特禀质，肺经蕴热证患者 最常见的体质类型为湿热质、阴虚质、瘀血质；TNSS评分方面，排前5位的中医体质分别为特禀质、气虚质、阳虚质、痰 湿质、气郁质；TNNSS评分方面，排前5位的中医体质分别为阳虚质、特禀质、气郁质、阴虚质、湿热质。 （4） 经统计学分 析，各中医体质在不同性别间比较，差异无统计学意义 （P > 0.05） ，在不同年龄段、不同中医证型、不同TNSS评分和不同 TNNSS评分方面比较，差异均有统计学意义 （P < 0.01或P < 0.001） 。 （5） 经Logistic回归分析，TNSS评分和TNNSS评分均与气 虚质、阳虚质、特禀质呈正相关，中医证型中的脾气虚弱证与湿热质呈负相关，差异均有统计学意义 （P < 0.01或P < 0.001）。 【结论】深圳地区成人AR发病与年龄、性别、季节、中医体质密切相关，存在明显体质偏颇特点，以气虚质、阳虚质、特 禀质为主，高TNSS评分与特禀质、高TNNSS评分与阳虚质密切相关，主要证型肺气虚寒证则与气虚质密切相关。

Objective To investigate the correlation between the clinical characteristics of allergic rhinitis（AR）in adults located in Shenzhen area and the traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）constitutions. Methods A cross- sectional survey of adult AR patients in Shenzhen was conducted. From June 2022 to December 2023，adult AR patients admitted to the Department of Otolaryngology outpatient clinic of Bao 􀆳an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine（Shenzhen Bao􀆳an District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine）were selected as the study subjects. The clinical baseline data， Total Nasal Symptoms Score （TNSS），and Total Non-Nasal Symptoms Score（TNNSS）of the patients were collected for the analysis of clinical characteristics，and TCM constitutions were differentiated based on the information collected by TCM constitutions questionnaire. After that， the correlation between the biased TCM constitutions and clinical characteristics were explored by using analysis of variance，non-parametric test and Logistic regression analysis. Results（1）A total of 215 cases of adult AR patients fromShenzhen were included. Most of the patients were male（60.93%），and the patients were usually aged 18-29 years old（accounting for 48.84%）. AR in adults often arose in the spring （33.49%）and fall（30.70%）.（2）Lungqi deficiency-cold syndrome was the predominated TCM syndrome type of AR in adults， accounting for 40.93%， and then came kidney yang deficiency syndrome（26.98%）， spleenqi deficiency syndrome（20.00%），and heat accumulation in lung meridian syndrome（12.09%）. Lungqi deficiencycold syndrome and heat accumulation in lung meridian syndrome were more common in young males，and kidney yang deficiency syndrome was frequently seen in middle-aged and elderly males.（3）The leading three TCM constitution types of AR in adults were qi deficiency constitution （30.23%）， yang deficiency constitution （24.65%）， and inherited special constitution（15.81%）. In adult AR patients with lung qi deficiency-cold syndrome， the commonly-seen TCM constitution types were qi deficiency constitution， inherited special constitution，and balanced constitution. In adult AR patients with spleenqi deficiency syndrome，the commonlyseen TCM constitution types were inherited special constitution，phlegm-damp constitution，and yang deficiency constitution. In adult AR patients with kidney yang deficiency syndrome， the commonly-seen TCM constitution types were yang deficiency constitution，qi stagnation constitution，and inherited special constitution. In adult AR patients with heat accumulation in lung meridian syndrome， the commonly-seen TCM constitution types were damp-heat constitution，yin deficiency constitution，and blood-stasis constitution. The leading five TNSS scores were shown in adult AR patients with inherited special constitution，qi deficiency constitution， yang deficiency constitution， phlegm-damp constitution， and qi stagnation constitution， respectively. And the leading five TNNSS scores were shown in adult AR patients with yang deficiency constitution，inherited special constitution， qi stagnation constitution，yin deficiency constitution，and damp-heat constitution，respectively.（4）The results of statistical analysis showed that the differences in gender among the adult AR patients with various TCM constitution types were not statistically significant（P > 0.05），but the differences in age groups，TCM syndrome types， TNSS scores and TNNSS scores were statistically significant（P < 0.01 orP < 0.001）.（5）The results of Logistic regression analysis showed that the TNSS scores and TNNSS scores were all positively correlated withqi deficiency constitution，yang deficiency constitution，and inherited special constitution，and spleenqi deficiency syndrome was negatively correlated with damp-heat constitution，the differences being all statistically significant （P < 0.01 orP < 0.001）. Conclusion The onset of AR in adults from Shenzhen area is closely related to age， gender， season， and TCM constitutions. The adult AR patients usually have the biased constitutions， in particularqi deficiency constitution，yang deficiency constitution，and inherited special constitution. In adult AR patients， higher TNSS scores are correlated with inherited special constitution， higher TNNSS scores are correlated with yang deficiency constitution， and the primary TCM syndrome type of lung qi deficiency-cold syndrome is correlated withqi deficiency constitution.

R276.1

国家自然科学基金面上项目（编号：82274591）；李云英全国名老中医药专家传承工作室建设项目（编号：粤中医办函[2022]52 号）；深圳市宝安区医疗卫生科研项目（编号：2022JD233）