【目的】比较补气经典名方四君子汤在古今文献中临床应用的异同，为其临床应用和研究开发提供借鉴。【方法】基于《中华医典》分析四君子汤的古代临床应用，基于中国知网数据库分析四君子汤的现代临床应用。 【结果】古籍记载的四君子汤主治病症的病机以“荣卫气虚，脏腑怯弱”为特点，主治病症涉及内科、外科、妇科、儿科等各科疾病，主要适用于痢疾、虚劳、泄泻、黄疸、痘疹、崩漏、痈疽等疾病的治疗，还可用于久病虚弱、年高及气弱者或伤寒、霍乱、疟疾等疾病后期的调理。四君子汤的现代临床运用涉及消化系统疾病、外科疾病、肿瘤相关疾病、儿科疾病、妇科疾病、呼吸系统疾病、肝胆系统疾病等，主要适用于慢性胃炎、肿瘤放化疗相关不良反应、癌症术后、妊娠期糖尿病等。 【结论】古今文献中四君子汤应用从古代文献以脾胃系疾病为主 （消化系统疾病） 已拓展至现代临床的外科疾病、肿瘤相关疾病、儿科疾病、妇科疾病、呼吸系统疾病、肝胆系统疾病等多个系统的病症，其适用病症的病机以“荣卫气虚，脏腑怯弱”为特点。

Objective To compare the differences in the clinical application of Sijunzi Decoction，a classical formula for tonifying qi，in ancient and modern literature，so as to provide a reference for its clinical application and research and development. Methods The clinical application of Sijunzi Decoction in ancient times was analyzed by retrieving the database of Zhong Hua Yi Dian （Collection of Traditional Chinese Medical Books），and the clinical application of Sijunzi Decoction in modern times was analyzed by retrieving the database of China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI） . Results In the record of ancient traditional Chinese medicine books，Sijunzi Decoction was indicated for the syndromes characterized by the pathogenesis of “deficiency of nutrient qi and defensive qi，and weakness of zang-fu organs”，and was widely used to treat various diseases related to internal medicine，surgery，gynecology and pediatrics，including dysentery，consumptive disease，diarrhea，jaundice，smallpox，metrorrhagia and carbuncle. Moreover，Sijunzi Decoction was used for the management of patients who was weakness due to chronic diseases，elderly and insufficiency of qi，or at the late stage of exogenous cold disease，cholera，and malaria. In the modern clinical practice，Sijunzi Decoction was indicated for digestive system diseases，surgical diseases，tumor-related diseases， pediatric diseases， gynecological diseases，respiratory diseases and hepatobiliary diseases，in particular for chronic gastritis，adverse reactions related to radiotherapy and chemotherapy for tumors，postoperative period of cancer and diabetes mellitus during pregnancy. Conclusion The analysis of ancient and modern literatures indicated that the indications of Sijunzi Decoction is expanded from the predominated spleen-stomach system diseases （digestive system diseases） in antient times to multiple system diseases such as surgical diseases，tumor-related diseases，pediatric diseases，gynecological diseases，respiratory diseases and hepatobiliary diseases in modern times. And the pathogenesis of the indications of Sijunzi Decoction is characterized by the “deficiency of nutrient qi and defensive qi，and weakness of the zang-fu organs” .

R289.5

广东省中医药局科研项目 （编号：20221189）