【目的】系统评价我国主要产区玉竹种质资源。 【方法】收集来自全国主产区共计35份玉竹块茎，进行含水量，包括粗灰分和粗脂肪在内的营养成分以及多糖和总黄酮两项药效成分含量的检测，并通过变异系数、相关性分析和聚类分析等方法，对玉竹种质资源进行综合评价。 【结果】不同玉竹块茎资源中含水量为64.43% ~ 83.78%，粗灰分为1.03% ~ 6.43%，木质素为2.83% ~ 18.38%，纤维素为1.88% ~ 4.73%，粗脂肪为2.85% ~ 5.16%，粗蛋白为47.12 ~ 184.20 g/kg，多糖含量为33.85 ~ 155.79 mg/g及总黄酮含量为0.49 ~ 1.78 mg/g。其中，多糖、粗灰分、木质素、粗蛋白及总黄酮变异系数分别为0.45、0.42、0.38、0.31及0.30，均呈现较大变异。玉竹含水量与多糖及多项营养成分指标含量间呈显著正相关。不同产地玉竹种质主要聚类为两类，第一类主要为广东产区及湖南产区，总黄酮含量普遍较高，第二类其他产区玉竹多糖含量普遍较高。结合多项指标筛选到4份药效成分含量高的育种材料。 【结论】通过对不同产地玉竹块茎的主要营养成分和药效成分进行分析，筛选出优质种质，可为玉竹种质资源的评价和品系培育提供数据与材料支撑。

Objective To systematically evaluate the germplasm resources of Polygonatum odoratum（Mill.）Druce from the main producing areas in China. Methods A total of 35 tubers of Polygonatum odoratum from the main producing areas of China were collected to detect the water content，and the contents of nutrients including crude ash and crude fat，etc. and two medicinal components （polysaccharides and total flavonoids），and then the germplasm resources of Polygonatum odoratum were comprehensively evaluated by the coefficient of variation，correlation analysis and cluster analysis. Results In different Polygonatum odoratum tuber resources，the water content was 64.43%-83.78%， crude ash content was 1.03%-6.43%， lignin content was 2.83%-18.38%，cellulose content was 1.88%-4.73%，crude fat content was 2.85%-5.16%，crude protein content was 47.12-184.20 g/kg，the contents of polysaccharide and total flavonoids were 33.85-155.79 mg/g and 0.49-1.78 mg/g，respectively. Among them，the coefficients of variation for polysaccharide，crude ash，lignin，crude protein and total flavonoids were 0.45，0.42，0.38，0.31 and 0.30，respectively，showing large variations. There was a significant positive correlation between water content and contents of polysaccharide as well as various ingredient indexes in Polygonatum odoratum. The Polygonatum odoratum germplasm from different producing areas were mainly clustered into two types as follows：the first type was mainly from Guangdong and Hunan producing areas，the total flavonoids content being commonly higher，and the polysaccharide content of Polygonatum odoratum belongs to the second type in other producing areas was commonly higher. Four breeding materials with high content of medicinal ingredients were screened out by combining above indexes. Conclusion The high-quality germplasm was screened out through analyzing main nutrients and medicinal ingredients of Polygonatum odoratum tubers from different producing areas，contributing to providing data and material support for the evaluation of Polygonatum odoratum germplasm resources and strain breeding.

R282.5

中央引导地方科技发展资金 （第一批）广东省驻镇帮镇扶村农村科技特派员项目 （编号：KTP20210360）