[关键词]
[摘要]
【目的】探讨IgA血管炎 (IgA vasculitis,IgAV,也称过敏性紫癜) 患儿中医证素与危险因素的相关性。 【方法】回顾性分析131例IgAV患儿的病历资料,统计其中医证素分布特点,分析不同中医证素与性别、年龄、临床症状以及蚊虫叮咬、病原体感染、过敏性鼻炎等危险因素的相关性。 【结果】(1) 131例IgAV患儿中,涉及的病位证素有肺97例 (74.05%) 、 脾61例(46.56%) 、肾54例 (41.22%) 、肝 17例 (12.98%) 、心11 例 (8.40%) ;病性证素有血瘀131例 (100.00%) 、风湿125 例 (95.42%) 、风热90例 (68.70%) 、湿热72例 (54.96%) 、 血热49例 (37.40%) 、气虚19例 (14.50%) 、阴虚3例 (2.29%) 。 (2) 性别方面,女性69例(52.67%),男性62例(47.33%),女性多于男性;年龄方面,患儿主要集中在5~6岁,其中,小于4岁10例(7.63%) ,4岁18例 (13.74%) ,5岁39例 (29.77%) ,6岁34例 (25.95%) ,7岁17例 (12.98%) ,大于7岁 13例 (9.92%) ;血瘀、风湿、风热、湿热等证素多见于5~7岁年龄段,阴虚证素多见于7岁以上年龄段,血瘀证素各年龄段均可见。 (3) 中医证素与危险因素相关性的Logistics 回归分析结果提示:在IgAV患儿中,过敏性鼻炎与血瘀[OR=2.236,95%CI (1.049~4.007) ]、湿热 [OR=2.183,95%CI (1.554~3.671) ]、风湿 [OR=1.202,95%CI (1.050~2.409) ]呈正相关,病原体感染与血瘀[OR=3.199,95%CI(1.457~4.101) ]、湿热[OR=1.119,95%CI(1.072~2.009) ]呈正相关,蚊虫叮咬与血瘀[OR=4.533,95%CI(1.029~9.022) ]、湿热[OR=2.257,95%CI(1.081~13.207) ]呈正相关,性别与血瘀[OR=1.352,95%CI(1.271~3.018) ]、风湿[OR=1.149,95%CI (1.071~3.102) ]呈正相关,差异均有统计学意义 (P<0.05或P<0.01) 。 【结论】IgAV的病位以肺为主,与五脏相关,病机特点为前期以血瘀、风湿热等标实为主,后期以气虚、阴虚等本虚为主。在IgAV患儿中,蚊虫叮咬、病原体感染、过敏性鼻炎更容易导致血瘀、风湿热;风热、湿热、血热、气虚等证素男性总体上多于女性,血瘀、风湿、阴虚等证素女性总体上多于男性。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Objective To investigate the correlation between traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndrome elements and risk factors in children with IgA vasculitis (IgAV,also known as Henoch-Schönlein purpura) . Methods The medical records of 131 children with IgAV were retrospectively analyzed. And then the distribution of their TCM syndrome elements was investigated,and the correlation of TCM syndrome elements with the gender,age,clinical symptoms,as well as risk factors such as mosquito bite,pathogen infection,and allergic rhinitis was analyzed. Results (1) Among the 131 children with IgAV,the diseases-location syndrome elements of IgAV involved lung in 97 cases (74.05%),spleen in 61 cases (46.56%),kidney in 54 cases (41.22%),liver in 17 cases (12.98%),and heart in 11 cases (8.40%);the disease-nature syndrome elements of IgAV involved blood stasis in 131 cases (100.00%),wind-damp in 125 cases(95.42%),wind-heat in 90 cases(68.70%),damp-heat in 72 cases (54.96%) ,blood heat in 49 cases (37.40%) ,qi deficiency in 19 cases (14.50%) ,and yin deficiency in three cases (2.29%) . (2) There were 69 cases (52.67%) of females and 62 cases (47.33%) of males among the IgAV children, with females outnumbering males. The age group of IgAV children was predominated by five to six years old, and 10 cases (7.63%) were younger than four years old, 18 cases (13.74%) were four years old,39 cases (29.77%) were five years old,34 cases (25.95%) were six years old,17 cases (12.98%) were seven years old,and 13 cases (9.92%) were older than seven years old. The disease-nature syndrome elements such as blood stasis,wind-damp,wind-heat,and damp-heat were frequently seen in the age group of five to seven years old,yin deficiency was frequently seen in the age group older than seven years,and blood stasis was seen in all age groups. (3) The results of logistic regression analysis of the correlation between TCM syndrome elements and risk factors in IgAV patients showed that allergic rhinitis was positively correlated with blood stasis [OR=2.236,95%CI(1.049-4.007) ],damp-heat [OR=2.183,95%CI(1.554-3.671) ] and wind-damp [OR=1.202,95%CI(1.050-2.409) ];pathogen infection was positively correlated with blood stasis [OR=3.199,95%CI (1.457-4.101) ] and damp-heat [OR=1.119,95%CI (1.072-2.009) ];mosquito bite was positively correlated with blood stasis [OR=4.533,95%CI(1.029-9.022) ] and damp-heat [OR=2.257,95%CI(1.081-13.207) ];the gender was positively correlated with blood stasis [OR=1.352,95%CI(1.271-3.018) ] and wind-damp [OR=1.149,95%CI (1.071-3.102) ]. The differences were all statistically significant (P<0.05 or P<0.01) . Conclusion IgAV usually involves the lungs and is also related to the five zang organs. Its pathogenesis is characterized by excess in superficiality such as blood stasis and wind-damp-heat in the early stage,and is predominated by deficiency in origin such as qi deficiency and yin deficiency in the later stage. For the children with IgAV,mosquito bite,pathogen infection and allergic rhinitis are more likely to induce blood stasis and wind-damp-heat; TCM syndrome elements such as wind-heat, damp-heat, blood heat, and qi deficiency arefrequently seen in the males, while TCM syndrome elements such as blood stasis, wind-damp, and yin deficiency are frequently seen in the females.
[中图分类号]
R59.546
[基金项目]
广东省卫生健康委员会医学科学研究基金项目 (编号:B2020124)