【目的】 挖掘专利中药复方防治呼吸道传染病的遣方用药规律，为呼吸道传染病的防治提供参考。【方法】 在国家专利 数据库中收集防治呼吸道传染病的中药复方，经数据筛选与规范化后，利用R语言进行数据挖掘。【结果】 共纳入429首中药 专利复方，涉及中药846味；高频中药有26味，使用频次居前10位的药物分别为甘草、金银花、黄芩、连翘、桔梗、百部、 苦杏仁、黄芪、柴胡、薄荷。高频中药主要为清热解毒药和补气药；所涉中药药性以寒为主，药味多为苦、甘、辛，主归 肺经；关联规则分析得到 19条核心关联规则、多个药物组合；聚类分析得到 3个药物聚类。【结论】 专利中药复方防治呼吸 道传染病时注重寒温相配、宣降相伍，着重宣散肺邪、清热解毒，同时不忘益气和中、滋阴润燥，使祛邪不伤正、扶正不 敛邪。

Objective To explore the medication rules in the patented Chinese medicine（CM）compound formulas for the prevention and treatment of respiratory infectious diseases，and to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of respiratory infectious diseases. Methods CM compound formulas for the prevention and treatment of respiratory infectious diseases were collected from the national patent database. After data screening and standardization，R language was used for data mining. Results A total of 429 patented CM compound formulas were included，involving 846 Chinese medicinals. There were 26 kinds of high-frequency Chinese medicinals， and the top 10 frequently-used drugs were Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma，Lonicerae Japonicae Flos，Scutellariae Radix， Forsythiae Fructus， Platycodonis Radix， Stemonae Radix， Armeniacae Semen Amarum， Astragali Radix，Bupleuri Radix，and Menthae Haplocalycis Herba. Most of the high-frequency Chinese medicinals were heat-clearing and toxin-removing drugs and qi-replenishing drugs. The medicinal properties of the patented CM compound formulas were usually cold，the medicinal flavors were usually bitter，sweet and pungent，and mostly had the meridian tropism of lung meridian. The association rule analysis yieled 19 core association rules and multiple drug combinations. Three drug clusters were obtained after cluster analysis. Conclusion For the prevention and treatment of respiratory infectious diseases， patented CM compound formulas are commonly formulated following the principles of compatibility of cold and warm drugs， compatibility of drugs for dispersing and descending，usually have the actions of dispersing pathogens in the lung，clearing heat and removing toxins，and also have the actions of replenishing qi and harmonizing the middle energizer，and nourishing yin and moistening dryness. The formulas have the efficiency of eliminating pathogens while not hurting the healthy qi， and strengthening the healthy qi while not maintaining pathogens.

R254.3；R183.3

广东省中医药局科研项目（编号：20212083）；第二届全国名中医传承工作室建设项目（粤中医办函[2022]52号）；岐黄学者支持 项目（国中医药人教涵[2022]6号）