【目的】探讨麻杏石甘汤对咳嗽变异型哮喘（CVA）大鼠的治疗作用及机制。【方法】将60只大鼠随机分为正常组，模型 组，麻杏石甘汤低、高剂量组，麻杏石甘汤高剂量+信号转导和转录激活因子3（STAT3）激活剂Colivelin（Col）组，每组 12只。除正常组外，其他各组大鼠采用腹腔注射卵清蛋白结合艾条熏蒸法构建CVA模型。对应治疗后，观察大鼠体征和咳 嗽次数，肺功能仪检测气道阻力（RE），Diff-Quik染色计数嗜酸性粒细胞（EOS），苏木素-伊红（HE）染色法观察肺、支气管 组织病理学特征，酶联免疫吸附分析（ELISA）检测肺组织单核细胞趋化蛋白1（MCP-1）、肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）含量， Western Blot法检测肺组织白细胞介素6（IL-6）、STAT3、瞬时受体电位香草酸亚型1（TRPV1）蛋白表达水平。【结果】与正常 组比较，模型组大鼠出现明显哮喘症状，肺组织可见炎性细胞浸润严重，支气管上皮细胞坏死、纤毛粘连、黏液多，RE， EOS数目，MCP-1、TNF-α含量，以及IL-6、STAT3、TRPV1蛋白表达水平均升高（P＜0.05）；与模型组比较，麻杏石甘汤 低、高剂量组大鼠哮喘症状明显改善，肺及支气管损伤减轻，RE，EOS数目，MCP-1、TNF-α含量以及IL-6、STAT3、 TRPV1蛋白表达水平呈剂量依赖性降低（P＜0.05）；与麻杏石甘汤高剂量组比较，麻杏石甘汤高剂量+Col组大鼠哮喘加重， 肺及支气管损伤加重，RE，EOS 数目，MCP-1、TNF-α 含量以及IL-6、STAT3、TRPV1 蛋白表达水平升高（P＜0.05）。 【结论】麻杏石甘汤可有效改善CVA大鼠症状，其机制与抑制IL-6/STAT3信号通路及TRPV1高表达有关。

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of Maxing Shigan Decoction on cough variant asthma（CVA）rats. Methods Sixty rats were randomly divided into normal group，model group，low and high dose groups of Maxing Shigan Decoction，and high-dose of Maxing Shigan Decoction + signal transducer and activator of transcription 3（STAT3）activator Colivelin（Col）group，12 rats in each group. Except for the normal group，the CVA model was constructed by intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin combined with moxa fumigation in all other groups of rats. After the corresponding treatment，the rats were observed for signs and cough counts， airway resistance（RE）was detected by pulmonary function meter，eosinophils（EOS）were counted by Diff-Quik staining， histopathological features of the lungs and bronchial tubes were observed by hematoxylin-eosin（HE） staining method， and the lung tissues were detected by enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） for monocyte chemotactic protein 1（MCP-1），and tumor necrosis factor α（TNF-α），and the protein expression levels of interleukin 6（IL-6），STAT3，and transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 channel（TRPV1）were detected by 广州中医药大学学报 Journal of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年3月第41卷第3期 March 2024，Vol. 41，No. 3 729 Western Blot. Results Compared with the normal group， rats in the model group showed obvious asthma symptoms， severe inflammatory cell infiltration was seen in the lung tissue， bronchial epithelial cell necrosis， ciliated adhesion，mucus，and RE，EOS number，MCP-1 and TNF-α contents，and protein expression levels of IL-6，STAT3，TRPV1 were elevated（P＜0.05）；compared with the model group，rats in the low- and highdose groups of Maxing Shigan Decoction showed significant improvement in asthma symptoms，reduction in lung and bronchial injury，and dose-dependent reduction in RE，EOS number，MCP-1 and TNF-α contents，and protein expression levels of IL- 6， STAT3， and TRPV1（P＜0.05）； compared with the high- dose group of Maxing Shigan Decoction， the rats in the high-dose Maxing Shigan Decoction+Col group showed increased asthma，increased lung and bronchial injury，and increased RE，EOS number，MCP-1 and TNF-α contents， and protein expression levels of IL-6，STAT3，and TRPV1（P＜0.05）. Conclusion Maxing Shigan Decoction can effectively improve cough variant asthma in rats， and its mechanism is related to the inhibition of IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway and the high expression of TRPV1.

R285.5

武汉市中医药科研项目（编号：WZ22Q11）