【目的】研究干眼患者性别、年龄及中医证型分布规律，并分析其相关性，以探讨干眼的病因病机。【方法】选取符合 纳入标准的干眼患者244例，对患者的性别、年龄、中医证型分布情况进行统计学分析，并探讨干眼患者的中医证型分布与 性别、年龄的关系。【结果】（1）性别分布方面，244例干眼患者中，男性96例（占39.34%），女性148例（占60.66%），女性发 病率高于男性；年龄分布方面，＜45岁患者124例（占50.82%），45～60岁患者81例（占33.20%），＞60岁患者39例（占 15.98%），其中＜45岁的患者占比高于其他年龄组。（2）证型分布方面，244例干眼患者中，肝肾亏虚证89例（占36.47%），气 滞血瘀证75例（占30.74%），脾肾亏虚证69例（占28.28%），阴虚湿热证11例（占4.51%），其分布频次由高到低依次为肝肾亏 虚证＞气滞血瘀证＞脾肾亏虚证＞阴虚湿热证。（3）不同年龄段的中医证型分布方面，＜45岁的干眼患者以气滞血瘀证为 主，占41.94%（52/124），45～60岁和＞60岁的干眼患者均以肝肾亏虚证为主，分别占46.91%（38/81）和53.85%（21/39）。不 同年龄段的中医证型分布不同，差异有统计学意义（χ2 = 22.128，P＜0.01）。（4）不同性别的中医证型分布方面，在男性干眼患 者中，以气滞血瘀证为主，占39.58%（38/96）；在女性干眼患者中，以肝肾亏虚证、脾肾亏虚证多见，分别占41.89% （62/148）、31.08%（46/148）。不同性别的中医证型分布不同，差异有统计学意义（χ2 = 82.610，P＜0.01）。【结论】干眼患者的 中医证型以肝肾亏虚证最多，其次为气滞血瘀证；干眼的好发人群与性别、年龄有关，且性别、年龄对中医证型具有一定 倾向性。

Objective To explore the etiology and pathogenesis of dry eye by studying the distribution pattern of gender， age and traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）syndrome type in dry eye patients and by analyzing their correlation. Methods A total of 244 patients with dry eye who met the inclusion criteria were selected. The distribution of gender，age and TCM syndrome types was statistically analyzed，and then the correlation of TCM syndrome types with gender and age of dry eye patients was explored. Results（1）Of the 244 dry eye patients， 96（39.34%）were male and 148（60.66%）were female，the incidence of the female being higher than that of the male. There were 124（50.82%）patients younger than 45 years old，81（33.20%）patients aged 45-60 years old， and 39（15.98%）patients older than 60 years old. The proportion of the patients younger than 45 years old was higher than that of other age groups.（2） Among the 244 patients with dry eyes， 89 cases（36.47%） were differentiated as liver and kidney deficiency syndrome，75 cases（30.74%）were differentiated as qi stagnation and 广州中医药大学学报 Journal of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年3月第41卷第3期 550 March 2024，Vol. 41，No. 3 blood stasis syndrome， 69 cases（28.28%）were differentiated as spleen and kidney deficiency， and 11 cases （4.51%）were differentiated as yin deficiency and damp-heat syndrome. And the occurrence frequency of the above four syndrome types was in descending order.（3）In the dry eye patients of various age groups，patients aged＜ 45 years old predominantly suffered from qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome，accounting for 41.94%（52/124）； patients aged 45- 60 years old and those aged＞60 years old predominantly suffered from liver and kidney deficiency syndrome， accounting for 46.91%（38/81）and 53.85%（21/39）， respectively. The distribution of TCM syndrome types varied in the patients with different age groups，and the difference was statistically significant （χ2 = 22.128，P＜0.01）.（4）In male dry eye patients，qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome was predominant， accounting for 39.58%（38/96）；among female dry eye patients，liver and kidney deficiency syndrome and spleen and kidney deficiency syndrome were prevalent， accounting for 41.89%（62/148） and 31.08%（46/148）， respectively. The distribution of TCM syndrome types varied in the patients with different genders， and the difference was statistically significant（χ2 = 82.610，P＜0.01）. Conclusion The TCM syndromes of patients with dry eyes are frequently differentiated as liver and kidney deficiency syndrome，followed by the qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome. The prevalence of dry eyes is related to the gender and age， and gender and age are correlated with the TCM syndrome types to certain extent

R276.7

国家自然科学基金项目（编号：82274584）