近年来，女性生殖系统疾病发病率呈显著上升趋势。中医学认为，女性生殖功能主要由“肾－天癸－冲任－胞宫” 轴调控，而现代医学则提出“下丘脑－垂体－卵巢”轴理论，二者在系统性调控层面具有高度相通性。随着神经生物学研 究的发展，自主神经系统（ANS）在生殖内分泌调控中的作用日益突显。电刺激外周神经（如迷走神经、交感神经）可通过逆向 激活中枢神经系统，影响神经内分泌功能。《黄帝内经》“气街”理论指出，头颈等部位存在与大脑中枢联系的特异性通路， 为针刺干预中枢神经功能提供了经典理论依据。本文以多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）为切入点，通过文献梳理与理论探讨，提出 以“气街”理论为纲，结合现代神经解剖学，将针刺重心从传统下腹穴位，转向颈项部和耳周特定区域（迷走神经）及胸段 （交感神经）等靶区。该策略旨在直接调控“下丘脑-卵巢”神经通路，为克服当前针灸在PCOS 治疗中的生殖结局瓶颈，提 供了一个机制明确的靶向干预新框架。

In recent years，the incidence of female reproductive system diseases has shown a significant upward trend. Traditional Chinese medicine posits that female reproductive function is primarily regulated by the“kidney tiangui-chongren-uterus”axis，while modern medicine proposes the“hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian”axis theory，revealing a high degree of interconnection between the two at the systemic regulatory level. With the advancement of neurobiological research，the role of the autonomic nervous system（ANS）in the regulation of reproductive endocrinology has become increasingly prominent. Electrical stimulation of peripheral nerves，such as the vagus and sympathetic nerves， can retro-activate the central nervous system， thereby influencing neuroendocrine function. The“Qi Streets”theory in the Huangdi Neijing（Yellow Emperor’s Inner Classic） identifies specific pathways in regions such as the head and neck that connect to the brain’s central nervous system， providing a classical theoretical basis for acupuncture’s intervention in central neurological functions. This article takes polycystic ovary syndrome（PCOS）as an entry point. Through literature review and theoretical discussion，it proposes a framework guided by the“Qi Streets”theory，integrated with modern neuroanatomy. This approach shifts the focus of acupuncture from traditional lower abdominal points to targeted areas such as the cervical region and periauricular area（vagus nerve）and the thoracic segment（sympathetic nerve）. This strategy aims to directly modulate the“hypothalamus-ovarian”neural pathway，offering a novel，mechanistically clear targeted intervention framework to overcome current bottlenecks in achieving reproductive outcomes with acupuncture in PCOS treatment.

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