【目的】通过生物信息学方法分析学龄前喘息（PSW）患儿M2 样巨噬细胞的基因表达特征，识别关键差异表达基因及其 相关通路，结合潜在治疗中药预测，为PSW 的早期诊断和中医药防治提供科学依据。【方法】从GEO 数据库获取数据集 GSE144033，筛选差异表达基因（DEGs）；构建蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用（PPI）网络识别Hub 基因；通过GO/KEGG 富集分析探 索功能通路；利用Coremine Medical 平台预测潜在治疗中药并进行中药归经、五味和功效分析。【结果】（1）共筛选出544 个 DEGs（其中，上调基因345 个，下调基因199 个），PPI 网络分析鉴定出8 个核心Hub 基因，包括：丝聚蛋白（FLG）、白细胞介 素1β（IL-1β）、肽酶抑制因子3（PI3）、防御素β4A（DEFB4A）、富脯氨酸的小蛋白3（SPRR3）、S100 钙结合蛋白A7（S100A7）、 胰岛素样生长因子1（IGF1）和钙调蛋白样蛋白3（CALML3）。（2）富集分析结果显示，基因主要参与免疫防御、白细胞介素17 （IL-17）信号通路、磷脂酰肌醇-3-激酶-蛋白激酶B（PI3K-Akt）信号通路、炎症介质对瞬时受体电位（TRP）离子通道的调节 通路等。（3）预测到潜在的治疗中药158 味（高频中药包括鱼腥草、黄芩、大黄、人参和人参叶等），归经以肺、脾为主，功效 集中于清热、补益。【结论】PSW 患儿M2 样巨噬细胞的差异基因主要涉及免疫调节与炎症反应，高频中药可能通过调节免疫 和清热解毒等作用干预PSW。该研究可为PSW 的机制解析及中医药治疗提供新思路。

Objective To analyze the gene expression characteristics of M 2-like macrophages in children with preschool wheeze（PSW）using bioinformatics methods，identify key differentially expressed genes and their associated pathways，and predict potential therapeutic Chinese medicines，thereby providing a scientific basis for the early diagnosis and traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）-based prevention and treatment of PSW. Methods The dataset GSE144033 was obtained from the GEO database，and then was used screen differentially expressed genes （DEGs）. A protein-protein interaction（PPI）network was constructed to identify hub genes. Functional pathways were explored through GO/KEGG enrichment analysis. Potential therapeutic Chinese medicines were predicted using the Coremine Medical platform，followed by analysis of their meridian tropism，five flavors，and therapeutic effects. Results（1）A total of 544 DEGs were identified（345 up-regulated，199 down-regulated）. PPI network analysis revealed eight core hub genes，including：filaggrin（FLG），interleukin-1β（IL-1β）， peptidase inhibitor 3（PI3），defensin β4A（DEFB4A），small proline-rich protein 3（SPRR3），S100 calcium binding protein A7（S100A7），insulin-like growth factor 1（IGF1），and calmodulin-like protein 3（CALML3） .（2）Enrichment analysis indicated that the genes were primarily involved in immune defense，the interleukin-17 （IL-17）signaling pathway，the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase-protein kinase B（PI3K-Akt）signaling pathway， and the pathway of inflammatory mediator regulation of transient receptor potential（TRP）ion channels.（3）A total of 158 potential therapeutic Chinese medicinals were predicted（high-frequency Chinese medicines including Houttuyniae Herba，Scutellariae Radix，Rhei Radix et Rhizoma，Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma and Ginseng Folium），with meridian tropisms primarily in the lung and spleen，and therapeutic effects mainly focusing on clearing heat and tonifying deficiencies. Conclusion Differential genes in M2-like macrophages from children with PSW are primarily involved in immune regulation and inflammatory responses. High-frequency Chinese medicines may intervene PSW by modulating immunity，clearing heat and removing toxins. This study provides new insights into the understanding of PSW pathogenseis and its TCM-based treatment.

R259.622

广东省中医药局科研项目（编号：20222183）；广州市荔湾区科技计划项目（编号：20221015）